比特币是2009年1月房地产市场崩盘后创建的数字货币。它遵循了神秘的笔名中本聪（Satoshi Nakamoto）在白皮书中提出的想法。发明这项技术的人的身份仍然是个谜。比特币有望提供比传统在线支付机制更低的交易费用，并且与政府发行的货币不同，它由一个分散的机构运营。
Bitcoin is the digital currency created after the collapse of the real estate market in January 2009. It follows the idea of Satoshi Nakamoto in the White Paper. The identity of the person who invented the technology remains a mystery. Bitcoin is expected to provide a lower transaction cost than the traditional online payment mechanism and, unlike the currency issued by the government, it operates by a decentralized agency.
没有实物比特币，只有所有人都可以透明访问的公共账本上的余额，所有比特币交易都要经过大量计算。比特币不由任何银行或政府发行或支持，个人比特币也不具有商品价值。尽管比特币不是法定货币，但它的人气很高，并引发了数百种其他虚拟货币（统称为Altcoins）。
There is no in-kind bitcoin, only the balance on the public accounts that everyone can access transparently, and all bitcoin transactions are heavily calculated. Bitcoins are not issued or supported by any bank or government, and individual bitcoins have no commercial value.
比特币是运行比特币代码并存储其区块链的计算机或节点的集合。区块链可以看作是块的集合。每个块中都有一个事物集合。因为所有运行区块链的计算机都有相同的区块和交易列表，并且可以透明地看到这些新区块被新的比特币交易填满，所以没有人可以欺骗系统。任何人，无论他们是否运行比特币节点，都可以实时看到这些交易的发生。如果想要欺骗系统，那么这个人需要提供构成比特币的51%的计算能力。截至2020年5月，比特币拥有约47000个节点，而且这个数字还在不断增长，因此这样的攻击不太可能发生。
Bitcoin is a collection of computers or nodes that run bitcoin codes and store their block chains. The block chain can be seen as a collection of blocks. In each block, there is a collection of things. Because all the computers running block chains have the same number of blocks and lists of transactions, and it is transparent that these new blocks are filled with new bitcoin transactions, no one can deceive the system. No one, whether or not they run bitcoin nodes, can see these transactions in real time. If you want to deceive the system, the person needs to provide 51 per cent of the computing power that makes bitcoins. By May 2020, Bitcoins had about 47,000 nodes, and that number is still growing, so such an attack is unlikely to happen.
在攻击即将发生的情况下，比特币节点，或使用计算机参与比特币网络的人，很可能会分叉到一个新的区块链，使得恶意参与者为实现攻击所做的努力都将付之东流。
In the impending event of an attack, the Bitcoin nodes, or those who use computers to participate in the Bitcoin network, are likely to split into a new block chain, which will undo the efforts of the malicious participants to achieve the attack.
比特币是一种加密货币。比特币令牌的余额使用公共和私人密钥来维持，密钥是由数字和字母组成的长串，通过创建它们的数学加密算法进行链接。公钥(相当于银行账号)作为向全世界发布的地址，其他人可以向其发送比特币。私钥(类似于银行密码)是保密的，只用于授权比特币传输。比特币密钥不应与比特币钱包混淆，后者是一种便于比特币交易并允许用户追踪比特币所有权的实体或数字设备。钱包这个词有点误导人，因为比特币的分散化本质意味着它永远不会存储在钱包中，而是分散在区块链上。
Bitcoin is an encrypted currency. The balance of the Bitcoin medal is maintained by public and private keys, which are a long string of numbers and letters, linked by creating their mathematical encryption algorithms. Public keys (equivalent to bank accounts) can be sent to others as addresses distributed to the world. Private keys (like bank codes) are confidential and are only used to authorize bitcoins to transmit. Bitcoin keys should not be confused with bitcoins wallets, which are entities or digital devices that facilitate bitcoin transactions and allow users to trace Bitcoin ownership. The word is misleading, because the decentralized nature of bitcoins means that they are never stored in wallets, but are scattered over a block chain.
比特币如何运作
How does Bitcoin work?
比特币是首批使用点对点技术来方便即时支付的数字货币之一。拥有管理计算能力并参与比特币网络的独立个人和公司由节点或矿工组成。矿工，即在区块链上处理交易的人，受到奖励(新比特币的发布)和用比特币支付的交易费用的激励。这些矿工可以被认为是加强比特币网络可信度的分散权威。新比特币以固定但周期性下降的速度向矿商发行，总比特币供应量接近2100万。截至2020年7月，大约有300万枚比特币尚未开采。在这种情况下，比特币(以及任何通过类似过程生成的加密货币)的运作方式与法定货币不同。在集中的银行系统中，货币的发布速度与商品的增长速度相匹配，以保持价格稳定。而像比特币这样的分散系统会提前根据算法设定货币的发布速度。
Bitcoin is one of the first digital currencies to be used to facilitate instant payments. Independent individuals and companies with the ability to manage computing and participate in the Bitcoin network are made up of nodes or miners. Miners, i.e. those who handle transactions on the block chain, are encouraged by incentives (publication of New Bitcoin) and transaction costs paid in Bitcoin. These miners can be considered a decentralized authority to enhance the credibility of the Bitcoin network.
比特币挖掘是比特币被释放进入流通的过程。通常，挖掘需要解决计算困难的谜题，以便发现添加到区块链中的新块。在为区块链做贡献时，挖矿会在网络上添加和验证交易记录。为区块链添加块，矿工们会得到一些比特币形式的奖励。每隔210,000块，奖励就减半。2009年的区块奖励是50个新比特币，目前是12.5个。2020年5月11日，出现了第三次减半，每发现区块奖励降至6.25比特币。各种各样的硬件可以用来挖掘比特币，但有些会产生更高的成本。某些被称为特定应用集成电路(ASIC)的计算机芯片和更高级的处理单元(如图形处理单元(gpu))可以获得更多的奖励。这些精密的采矿处理机被称为矿机。
Bitcoin excavations are the process by which Bitcoin is released into circulation. Often, excavations need to solve the puzzle of calculating difficulties in order to find new blocks that are added to the block chain. When contributing to the block chain, diggers add and validate transaction records on the network. Add blocks to the block chain, miners get some bitcoins in the form of incentives. Halve the reward every 22,000. In 2009, the block reward is 50 new bitcoins, currently 12.5.
1比特币可以被小数点后8位(1比特币的百万分之一)整除，这个最小的单位被称为satoshi6，如果参与的矿工接受这个改变，那么比特币最终可以被整除到小数点后8位。
One bitcoin can be divided by eight decimal places (one millionth of a bitcoin), the smallest unit known as satoshi6, and if the participating miners accept the change, the bitcoin can eventually be divided by eight decimal places.
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