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* Reproduced as received, in accordance with rule 69 of the rules of procedure of the functional commissions of the Economic and Social Council.
在区块链的应用里，以太坊正迅速崛起，市值已经达到了2017年7月3日的267.9亿美元(比特币424.6亿美元)，占到了整个加密货币的26.59%(比特币为41.59%)，而这个数字今年年初的时候还是仅仅为3.9%（比特币则占到了87.63%）。
In the application of the block chain, Ether is rapidly emerging and the market value has reached $26.79 billion on 3 July 2017 ($42.46 billion in bitcoins), accounting for 26.59 per cent of the entire encrypted currency
那么以太坊和比特币都是区块链应用，它们有什么不同呢？
So Etherno and Bitcoin are block-chain applications. What's the difference?
如果说比特币是一个计算器，那么以太坊就是一台电脑，除了可以计算加减乘除，还可以运行各种应用程序——智能合约。
If Bitcoin is a calculator, it's a computer that, in addition to calculating plus or minus, can run various applications - smart contracts.
通常情况下，我们在和陌生人产生利益交易的时候，都需要一个第三方作为公正。比如转账需要通过银行，签署合约时需要律师等，不然谁也无法相信对方一定能够按照合约的内容去做。
Normally, we need a third party to be fair when we trade with strangers. For example, transfers need to be made through banks, contracts need to be signed by lawyers, etc., otherwise no one can be trusted that the other party will be able to do what the contract says.
智能合约却可以帮助你完成金钱，财产，股权或者任何有价值东西的交易，而整个过程是在透明且不用任何中间机构的参与的情况下完成的。
Smart contracts can help you complete transactions of money, property, equity or anything of value, and the whole process is done transparently and without the involvement of any intermediary agency.
我们可以把智能合约比喻成一个自动贩卖机。你不需要在乎这个卖东西给你的人是谁，你也不需要认识或者信任他，你可以不喜欢他，甚至可以讨厌他，不管怎么样，只要你投入一定数量的比特币，它就按照事先约定好的合约内容给你想要的东西。
You don't have to care who this sells to you, you don't need to know or trust him, you don't like him, you can even hate him, whatever you put in a certain amount of bitcoin, it gives you what you want in a pre-agreed contract.
举个具体的例子，假设你从我这里租一个公寓，你可以通过区块链支付给我加密货币，比如比特币，你会得到一个根据虚拟合同产生的账单，然后到了某个日期，你会得到用来开门的数字密码钥匙。如果你没有按时得到钥匙，区块链会自动执行偿还程序。即便我在出租前就把数字密码钥匙告诉了程序，程序也会等到执行日期的时候才把数字密码发给你，然后将你支付的费用转给我。整个系统按照预先设定的程序运行，而且有成千上万的人见证人，所以你可以不用担心会有人搞鬼。不管是你还是我都无法阻止或者干扰程序的运行。
To give a concrete example, assuming you rent an apartment from me, you can pay me an encrypted currency through a block chain, like Bitcoin, and you get an invoice from a virtual contract, and by a certain date you get a digital password key to open the door. If you don't get the key on time, the block chain will automatically execute the payment process. Even if I tell you the digital password key before the lease, the program will wait until the date of execution, and then transfer the cost you pay to me.
自主权
你是唯一那个做决定的人。你不需要依赖任何经纪人，律师或者其他中间机构来确认你和别人达成的合约。附带的，你也不用担心有人会在里面做什么手脚，因为整个执行过程是由整个网络来完成的，而不是一个或者几个人，没有人能暗箱操作。
You're the only one who makes the decisions. You don't have to rely on any broker, lawyer, or other intermediary to confirm your contract with someone else. And with that, you don't have to worry about what people do in there, because the whole execution process is done by the network, not one or more people, and nobody can handle it.
安全
你所有的交易记录都被加密保存在了区块链上，永远不能被篡改。
All your transaction records are encrypted and stored on the block chain and can never be tampered with.
备份
这个记录了所有交易的总帐被保存在了网络的每一台电脑上。
This ledger, which records all transactions, is stored on every computer on the network.
速度
原先你需要把大量的时间用在文书工作上面来手动地处理各种流程文件。智能合约用软件使得任务可以自行完成，所以可以节省大量的工作时间。
In the first place, you need to spend a lot of time on paperwork to manually process a variety of process files.
节省
智能合约帮你省下了中间费用，不然的话，你需要第三方来见证你的交易。
Smart contracts save you intermediate costs, otherwise you need a third party to witness your deal.
精确
自动执行的智能合约不光更快，更便宜，而且避免人工处理时可能出现的错误。
Automatically executed smart contracts are not only faster, cheaper and avoid possible errors in manual processing.
智能合约还远远不够完善。你想想看，如果代码里面有漏洞怎么办？又比如政府怎么管理这些合约呢？还有政府怎么给这些合约的签订上税呢？还有刚才我们举的那个出租公寓的例子。
Smart contracts are far from perfect. Think, what if there's a hole in the code? How does the government manage these contracts? How does the government tax these contracts?
如果我给你发送了错误的数字钥匙该怎么办？或者我虽然发送了正确的数字钥匙，但是我的公寓由于种种原因被查封了，怎么办？如果是传统的合约，我可以和你商量，废除这个合约，但是在区块链上，情况就不一样了，因为不管什么情况，这个合约都将被执行。
What if I sent you the wrong digital key? Or if I sent the right digital key, but my apartment was sealed for a variety of reasons? If it was a traditional contract, I could negotiate with you to cancel it, but on the block chain, the situation was different, because in any case, the contract would be enforced.
这个清单可以一直不断的添加。尽管专家已经不断在寻求解决的方案，然而这些潜在问题还是使得很多人望而却步。
This list can be constantly added. Although experts have been searching for solutions, these potential problems have made it difficult for many to move forward.
在能够想象的将来，律师将会从撰写传统的合约转变成生产标准的智能合约，还有其它领域，比如商业收购，信用卡公司和会计人员会利用智能合约来做实时审计和风险管理。Blockchain Technologies认为，智能合约将会把纸质合约和数字合约结合起来，合约的确认由区块链完成，然后再形成纸质的合约形式用来保存。
In the foreseeable future, lawyers will move from traditional contracts to smart contracts of production standards, and there are other areas, such as commercial acquisitions, where credit card companies and accountants will use smart contracts for real-time auditing and risk management. Blockchain Technologies argues that smart contracts will combine paper contracts with digital contracts, contracts will be confirmed by a block chain, and then form paper contracts that will be used to preserve .
比特币：
比特币区块链可以很好地完成比特币的转账维护，可是处理智能合约的能力却有限。
Bitcoin block chains can well complete Bitcoin transfer maintenance, but
Side Chains：
这是一个跟比特币差不多的区块链，提供了比比特币更多的处理合约的场景。
This is a block chain similar to Bitcoin, providing a scene of more processing contracts than Bitcoin.
NXT：
NXT是一个公链平台，但是只提供了有限的智能合约模板，你只能用那些模板，而不能自己随心所欲地开发。
NXT is a public-chain platform, but only a limited number of smart contract templates are available, and you can only use those templates and not develop them on your own.
以太坊：
以太坊是一个公链平台，给智能合约的编写和处理都提供了极大的空间和可能性。你可以想编写什么合约就编写什么合约，但是你需要支付一定的以太币Ether来让你的合约被正常执行。
Ether is a public-chain platform that offers great scope and possibilities for the writing and processing of smart contracts. you can write whatever contracts you want , but you need to pay a certain amount of Ether to get your contracts properly executed.
以太坊CTO Gavin Wood说，智能合约对社会的影响将是深远的，从医疗到汽车，从不动产交易到法律。它给我们的社会进步提供了一个技术的基础。
Etherroom CTO Gavin Wood says that smart contracts will have far-reaching social impacts, from medical care to automobiles, from real estate transactions to law. provides a technological basis for our social progress .
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