数字货币衍生品交易是当下很多日内交易者关注的新兴交易领域，很多人对数字货币都有一定的认识和了解，但是有许多读者对于什么是虚拟货币和虚拟货币的类型了解甚少，不少读者想要了解更多的关于这部分的知识，本文将对以上内容进行简要的阐述!
The digital money derivatives trade is an emerging area of interest to traders in many days. Many people have some knowledge and understanding of digital money, but many readers know little about what a virtual currency is and what a virtual currency is, and many readers want to know more about it.
虚拟货币定义
Virtual currency definition
关于虚拟货币的定义有很多，虚拟货币是指未打印在纸上或印在金属上的货币，因此它是虚拟的，只存在于虚拟世界中。
There are many definitions of a virtual currency, which refers to a currency that is not printed on paper or on metal, so it is virtual and only exists in the virtual world.
2014年，欧洲银行管理局(EBA)对虚拟货币进行官方定义：“虚拟货币是价值的一种数字表达，其并非由中央银行或公共权威机构发行，也不一定与某一法定货币挂钩，但被自然人或法人接受用于支付手段，可以进行电子化转移、储藏或交易”。
In 2014, the European Banking Authority (EBA) established an official definition of a virtual currency: “A virtual currency is a digital expression of value that is not issued by a central bank or a public authority, nor necessarily linked to a legal currency, but is accepted by a natural or legal person as a means of payment that allows for electronic transfers, storage or transactions”.
举例来说，腾讯公司的Q币其实就是一种中心化的虚拟货币：其由腾讯自主发行、管理，可通过微信支付、信用卡等方法充值、按1Q币/1RMB购买。Q币只能用于购买QQ平台的商品(如游戏道具)和服务，只能单向流通，即不可以兑换现金，也不可以进行转账交易。
For example, Queen’s currency is a central virtual currency: it is self-issued and managed by Quetz, which can be replenished by means of micro-mail payments, credit cards, etc., and purchased at the rate of 1Q. Q Dollars can only be used to purchase goods (e.g. game props) and services from the QQQ platform, and can only be used in a one-way flow, i.e., not in exchange for cash, or in a transfer transaction.
与此类似的还有网络游戏中的点券、网络直播平台的鱼丸、电商平台的金豆，均属于虚拟货币的范畴。虚拟货币通常由网络运营商发行，发行数目由发行主体决定，信用保障来自运营商品牌信用，发行数目和标价可随时变更，并且只能在某一个场景中单向流通。因此一定程度上，这类虚拟货币更像是“玩具”。
Similarly, coupons in online games, fishballs in live webcast platforms, and gold beans in electric platforms are all in the domain of virtual money. Virtual money is usually issued by network operators, the number of which is determined by the issuer, credit guarantees are derived from operating commodity card credit, the number of issuances and prices can change at any time, and can only flow in a single direction in a given scenario.
虚拟货币的类型
Type of Virtual Currency
虚拟货币的类型有很多，目前虚拟货币主要有三种类型，它们分别是游戏币，门户网站或者即时通讯工具服务商发行的专用货币和互联网上的虚拟货币。
There are many types of virtual currency, and there are currently three main types of virtual currency, namely, game currency, a portal or a dedicated currency issued by an instant communication tool service provider, and virtual currency on the Internet.
虚拟货币类型之一：游戏币
Virtual Currency Type: Game Currency
第一类虚拟货币是我们熟悉的游戏币。在单机游戏时代，主角靠打败敌人、进赌馆赢钱等方式累积虚拟货币，并使用这些虚拟货币来购买药草和武器装备等，但是这些虚拟货币只能供自己使用。那时候，游戏玩家之间没有“市场”。自从互联网建立起门户和社区、实现游戏联网以来，虚拟货币便有了“金融市场”，游戏玩家之间可以买卖游戏币。
The first type of virtual currency is a game currency that we are familiar with. In a solo game, the main players accumulate virtual money by defeating their enemies, winning money in casinos, using them to buy herbs and weapons, etc., but these virtual money can only be used for their own use. At that time, there was no “market” between game players. Since the creation of Internet portals and communities and the networking of games, virtual money has become a “financial market” in which game players can buy and sell games.
虚拟货币类型之二：门户网站或是即时通讯工具服务商发行的专用
Virtual currency type bis: portal or dedicated to instant messaging service provider
第二类虚拟货币是门户网站或是即时通讯工具服务商发行的专用货币，用以购买本网站内的服务。应用最广泛的当属腾讯公司的Q 币，可用来购买会员资格、QQ秀等增值服务。
The second type of virtual currency is a special currency issued by the portal or by the instant communication service provider to purchase the services on the site.
虚拟货币之三：互联网上的虚拟货币及数字货币
Virtual Currency III: Virtual and Digital Currency on the Internet
第三类虚拟货币是互联网上的虚拟货币又称为数字货币，如比特币(BTC)、以太坊(ETH)等。自2009年发布至今，比特币已成为最出名的虚拟货币。这一虚拟货币由化名为“中本聪”的个人或组织开发设计(其真实身份一直未知)，主要被在线商户使用。不过近几年来，许多中小型实体商户也开始接受比特币支付。通过复杂的算法和大量计算资源，用户可通过“挖矿”的方式来得到比特币，当然也可通过交易平台来买卖比特币。比特币总量约为2100万个，而目前已经超过80%的比特币已经被开采。
The third type of virtual currency is a virtual currency on the Internet, also known as digital currency, such as Bitcoin (BTC), Etheria (ETH). Since its launch in 2009, Bitcoin has become the most famous virtual currency.
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