白皮书，是区块链世界里的战略蓝图。
The White Paper is the strategic blueprint in the block chain world.
每一个伟大的区块链项目都会有一个牛逼的白皮书。比特币、以太坊、波卡、libra的白皮书堪称经典。
Every great block chain project will have a big white paper. Bitcoin, Ethel, Poca, Libra are classic.
1.白皮书是什么
What's a white paper ?
白皮书（英语：White Paper）通常指具有权威性的报告书或指导性文本，用以阐述、解决或决策。白皮书在政府和B2G市场中都有应用。（维基百科）
White papers (in English: White Paper) usually refer to authoritative reports or guiding texts that describe, resolve, or make decisions. White papers are used in both government and B2G markets.
可以看到，白皮书更多的是作为官方文件，讲究的是实事求是。当初中本聪撰写了白皮书，就是为了赋予比特币以严肃性和权威性。
As you can see, the White Paper is more of an official document and more of a factual one. It was written in order to give Bitcoin seriousness and authority.
但是区块链项目的白皮书和政府的官方文件又有区别，它更像一个企业的商业融资计划。在一份企业的商业融资计划中应该有的内容，区块链项目白皮书里面也都有介绍，比如，项目介绍，团队介绍，技术介绍，商业模式，融资金额等等。
But there is a difference between the white paper on block chain projects and the official government document, which is more like a business financing scheme for an enterprise.
2.著名白皮书
2. Famous White Paper
2008年11月1日，中本聪的《比特币——一种点对点的电子现金系统》是区块链世界的第一份白皮书，也标志着比特币的底层技术区块链诞生了。
On 1 November 2008, the Chinese version of Bitcoin — a point-to-point electronic cash system — was the first white paper on the world of block chains and marked the birth of the bottom-of-the-line technical block chain in Bitcoin.
在这个白皮书中，中本聪用他严谨理智的语言描述了一种全新的数字货币系统，并清晰明确的说明了这个项目的目的是什么——解决在没有中心机构的情况下，总量恒定货币的发行和流通问题。通过这样一个白皮书，比特币成为了一个能够持续运行的项目。
In this White Paper, Bintsi described a new digital monetary system in his sane language and clearly and clearly defined the purpose of the project — to address the issue and circulation of constant currency in the absence of a central institution. With such a White Paper, Bitcoin became a sustainable project.
2013年11月，V神经过几个月的思考，在旧金山，以太坊白皮书的草稿在一个寒冷的冬日问世。
In November 2013, after several months of reflection, in San Francisco, the draft of the Etherno White Paper came to life on a cold winter day.
2016年11月：Gavin Wood发布Polkadot首版白皮书《波卡 Polkadot：畅想一种异构的多链架构》，中继链和平行链等跨链核心概念第一次清晰的走向人们视野。
November 2016: Gavin Wood released the first version of Polkadot's White Paper, Polka Polkadot: Thinking about a multi-chain architecture of isomers, and the core concepts of cross-chains, such as the trunking and parallel chains, moved for the first time to clear people's horizons.
3.白皮书的意义
3. Meaning of the White Paper
一个区块链项目的白皮书，就展示了这个项目，向市场展示它的商业模式，技术实力团队能力，发展愿景，等等。这是投资者判断，这个项目好坏优劣的，非常重要的依据，也是，区块链项目团队实力的，综合展现。
A white paper on a block chain project shows the project, shows the market its business model, the skills of a technologists team, the development of a vision, and so on. This is an investor’s judgement that the project is good and good, that it is very important as a basis, and that the block chain team is strong, that it is comprehensive.
对于投资人而言，区块链项目的白皮书能够提供关于这个项目绝大部分的信息，从而帮助他们做出有价值的投资决定。而对于项目团队来说，撰写一份区块链项目白皮书也能够为这个项目众筹资金打下非常好的基础。
For investors, the white paper on the block chain project can provide most of the information on the project, thereby helping them make valuable investment decisions. For the project team, the preparation of a white paper on the block chain project could also provide a very good basis for raising funds for the project.
4? 区块链项目白皮书怎么写？
What about the White Paper on the Block Chain Project?
一个区块链项目的白皮书一般包含下面四个方面的内容（当然具体的表现方式不同）
The white paper on a block chain project generally contains the following four elements (determinate, of course)
摘要
Summary
设计原则与理念
Design principles and concepts
项目具体实施方案
Project-specific implementation programmes
项目前景展望
Project outlook
01 项目摘要
01 Project Summary
摘要在白皮书里面非常重要，它是整个白皮书的概要总结，告诉读者这个项目想做什么？能解决什么问题？通过什么方法来解决？
The summary, which is very important in the White Paper, is a summary of the whole White Paper, telling readers what the project wants to do. What can be done and how can it be done?
白皮书先写摘要是非常严谨的一种写法，严谨的论文都是有摘要的，这是学院派的作风。中本聪在白皮书中这样写道：
The White Paper begins with a summary, which is a very strict way of writing, and the exact papers are summarized, which is the style of the College. In the White Paper, Nakamoto writes:
一个需要第三方支持的点对点电子支付系统是没有价值的，比特币系统要解决的两个主要问题，一个是去中心化的p2p系统，一个是支付要解决的双花问题，所以整个白皮书提到的技术方案都会围绕这两个问题展开。
A point-to-point electronic payment system requiring third-party support was of no value, and the two main issues to be addressed by the Bitcoin system were the decentralized p2p system and the double flower problem to be met, so the technical programmes referred to in the White Paper as a whole would revolve around both issues.
所以，在撰写白皮书的时候一定要，注明下面这些要点：现实中发现了什么问题？通过什么方法解决这个问题？采用的主要技术是什么？这个技术主要的优缺点是什么？然后再开始下面的项目介绍。
So, when writing the white paper, it is important to note the following points: what problems have been identified in reality, what solutions have been adopted? What are the main techniques employed? What are the main strengths and disadvantages of this technology?
02.设计原则与理念
02. Design principles and concepts
主要包含六个方面：
There are six main areas:
第一，行业背景
First, industry background
要介绍一下项目所在行业的背景都是处于什么样的现状？优秀的项目白皮书会让读者即使没有从事过这个行业，通过介绍也能够对这个行业有一个比较清楚的认识。
What is the context of the industry in which the project is located? A good white paper on the project would allow readers to have a clearer understanding of the industry, even if they had not done so.
第二，设计原因
Secondly, the reason for the design
主要是为了解答开发这个区块链项目是为了解决什么样的问题？为什么这个项目一定要用区块链技术来解决，它解决了这个行业中的哪些痛点问题。
What is the problem to be solved by developing this block chain project? Why must this project be addressed by block chain technology, which solves the pain in the industry?
第三，设计原则
Thirdly, the principles of design
这个项目遵循都遵循了区块链的哪些原则？去中心、去信任、开放透明、加密安全性、集体维护、可靠数据库、隐私保护，等等都有哪些特点。
The project follows the principles of the block chain and features such as access to the centre, trust, transparency, encryption security, collective maintenance, reliable databases, privacy protection, etc.
第四，产品模型与整体架构
Fourth, product models and overall architecture
这个项目在整体架构是怎样的要清晰明确地表述出来，让读者对这个项目从底层到应用，都有一个非常清晰的认识。
The project has to be articulated clearly and clearly in its overall structure, so that readers have a very clear understanding of the project from the bottom to the application.
比如，EOS的白皮书的整体架构中写明了共识算法搭建、账户相关处理、token模型与使用、脚本与虚拟机的使用等部分，架构比较清晰。
For example, the overall structure of the EOS White Paper contains clearer elements on consensus algorithms, account-related processing, token models and uses, scripts and virtual machines.
第五，技术创新
Fifth, technological innovation
这个项目采用了哪些创新性的方法来解决这个行业存在的痛点问题。通常来说，行业问题越严重，越难解决，那么这个项目存在的价值也就越大。在这里要明确指出为什么这个项目一定要通过区块链来解决，它的优势在哪里？
What innovative ways does the project take to solve the painful problems of the industry? The more serious the industry problem is, the more difficult it is to solve, the more valuable the project is.
第六安全策略
Security strategy number six.
因为区块链项目完全基于数学来构建，安全性始终是区块项目的核心问题。一个区块链项目采用什么样的安全策略是非常关键的，通常区块链安全通过下面这几点来实现：哈希的唯一性、密码学安全性、身份验证、去中心化的分布式设计、传输安全性等等。
Because block chain projects are based entirely on mathematics, security is always at the core of block projects. What kind of security strategy is used in a block chain project is critical, and often block chain security is achieved through the following elements: Hashi’s uniqueness, cryptographic security, identification, decentralised distribution design, transmission security, etc.
03 项目具体实施方案
03 Project Implementation Programme
也是主要包含六个方面：
It also covers six main areas:
第一，共识机制
First, the consensus mechanism
可以说区块链的共识机制决定了这个项目的前景空间。关于这一部分我们在前几篇文章中多次想到，这是非常关键的问题。
It can be said that the consensus mechanism of the block chain determines the future space for this project. This is a crucial question that we have thought about many times in previous articles.
第二，账户模型
Second, the account model.
关于用户账户是投资人和使用者非常关心的问题，所以一定要对项目中关于账户的消息处理、账户权限、延迟验证、被盗恢复等信息进行具体的描述。
With regard to user accounts as a matter of great interest to investors and users, it was important to have a specific description of the information on account processing, account privileges, delay in validation, theft recovery, etc. in the project.
第三，项目落地
Third, the project is on the ground.
也就是这个项目的工作进度和发展路线图。投资人通过这个路线图能够清晰地知道项目发展到哪一步了，有没有推迟或者提前。
That is, the project’s progress and development road map. By doing so, investors can clearly see where the project is, whether it has been postponed or ahead of schedule.
如果项目当前没有任何落地的进度，技术实力也一般，却给出了非常激进的时间表，那么就很值得警惕了。
If the project is not currently on track and technical strength is average, and a very radical timetable is given, then it should be vigilant.
第四，资源对接
Fourth, the resource interface.
项目白皮书中要明确地说明这个项目有哪些的资源背景。资源实力越雄厚，对项目后期的进度越有利。这是判断一个项目能否顺利推进的非常关键的因素。
The greater the resources, the more favourable the project will be. This is a critical factor in determining whether a project can move forward successfully.
第五，生态激励机制
Fifth: Ecological Incentives
生态激励机制是区块链的项目区别于其他非区块链项目非常独特的一个部分。只有一个好的生态激励机制才能够使区块链项目完整持续的运行。一个好的项目应该应该详细介绍这个项目的生态激励机制，并且清楚具体的说明这个机制的运转过程。
An ecological incentive mechanism is a unique part of a block chain project that is distinct from other non-block chain projects. Only a good ecological incentive mechanism can allow the block chain project to function in a complete and sustainable manner.
比如在比特币白皮书中，比特币系统的激励机制就是通过区块奖励和交易费用奖励的等方法来保证项目的持续运行，这就是一个比较良性的生态激励的过程。
In the Bitcoin White Paper, for example, the incentive of the Bitcoin system is to ensure the sustainability of the project through block incentives and incentives for transaction costs, which is a relatively benign process of ecological incentives.
第六，Token与众筹
Number six, Token and the crowd.
一个区块链项目如果有token，那么你要对这一部分进行描述。token发行的总量、流通量、私募比例和解禁周期、众筹比例、团队持有比例和解禁周期、市场推广给力等等都要做出详细的描述。
If a block chain project has a token, you should describe this part.
通过这个部分能够让我们了解到团队对这个项目的看法到底是怎样的，项目方是急于变现还是想长期地扎实地做好一个项目。
This part provides us with an idea of what the team sees in the project, whether it is eager to emerge or whether it wants to do a project on the ground over the long term.
04 项目前景展望
04 Project outlook
在白皮书的最后还要对项目上线之后相关的钱包、交易所、自定义协议、智能合约、智能属性、自治性组织、社交网络、交易市场等方面展开展望，并且对这个项目发展过程进行简单的设想。
At the end of the White Paper, the related wallets, exchanges, self-defined agreements, smart contracts, intelligent attributes, autonomous organizations, social networks, trading markets, etc., are to be seen and the process of project development is to be conceived in a simple manner.
如果投资一个区块项目，却连白皮书也不读的话，就跟买股票不读财报是一摸一样的。可以说，读不读白皮书是衡量一个人是不是价值投资者的一个非常重要的方面。
If you invest in a block project without even reading a white paper, it is as if you don’t read a financial statement about buying a stock. To say the least, not reading a white paper is a very important measure of whether a person is a value investor.
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