区块链具有公开透明、不可篡改等特征
Block chains are open, transparent, non-manufactured, etc.
IDC将区块链定义为记录信息和数据的分布式数字账本，该账本存储于对等网络的多个参与者之间，参与者可以使用加密签名将新的交易添加到现有交易链中，形成安全、连续、不变的链式数据结构。
IDC defines the block chain as a distributed digital account for recording information and data, which is stored among multiple participants in the peer network, who can use encrypted signatures to add new transactions to the existing transaction chain and form a secure, continuous and constant chain data structure.
传统的分布式数据库只有一个中心服务器对数据进行维护，而区块链数据有所有节点共同参与维护，单一节点的数据被篡改和破坏不会对所存储的数据产生影响，以此实现对数据的安全存储。
The traditional distributed database has only one central server for the maintenance of data, while block chain data has all nodes involved in the maintenance, and the tampering and destruction of single node data does not affect the stored data, thereby achieving the safe storage of data.
因此区块链特征包括：分布式、多节点共识、公开透明和不可篡改。
Thus, the characteristics of the block chain include distribution, multi-node consensus, transparency and non-frozenness.
目前区块链的发展方向主要有三个：公有链、联盟链、私有链。公有链是最早的区块链，是指像比特币区块链这种完全去中心化不受任何机构控制的区块链，区块链进入2.0时代后，联盟链和私有链也开始进入区块链的应用范围。而3.0时代更多的是跨链通信、多链融合等技术的应用。
The chain of blocks is currently developing in three main directions: the public chain, the union chain, and the private chain. The public chain is the earliest. It refers to a complete decentralized block chain, such as the Bitcoin block chain, that is not controlled by any of the institutions. When the block chain entered the 2.0 era, the alliance chain and the private chain began to enter the area of application of the block chain.
区块链信息服务实行备案制，企业加速布局
Block Chain Information Service will be on a record-keeping basis, and enterprises will accelerate the layout
2019年2月，《区块链信息服务管理规定》正式实施，区块链信息服务备案制实行。2019年3月30日，网信办公布了第一批共197个境内区块链信息服务名称及备案编号，2019年10月18日，网信办公布了第二批共309个境内区块链信息服务名称及备案编号。
In February 2019, the Block Chain Information Service Regulation was formally implemented, and the Block Chain Information Service filing system was implemented. On 30 March 2019, the Office published the first batch of 197 internal block information services and the filing number. On 18 October 2019, the Office published the second instalment of 309 internal block chain information services and the filing number.
两批备案项目中，BATJ等互联网巨头的项目均在列。阿里系的蚂蚁金服备案了蚂蚁区块链BaaS平台，阿里云计算备案了阿里云区块链服务项目;腾讯自己备案了腾讯区块链、腾讯云TBaaS区块链服务平台;百度备案了百度区块链引擎BBE、超级链、图腾。此外BATJ旗下相关投资企业也均有区块链项目备案。
The projects of the big Internet players, such as BATJ, are listed in two batches. 第一批公布的197个区块链信息服务项目中，主要以联盟链为主，共有116个，占比为58.9%，其次为提供区块链技术服务项目，共有31个，占比为15.7%，公有链项目为25个，占比为12.7%。 Of the 197 block chain information services announced in the first tranche, 116, or 58.9 per cent, were dominated by the Union chain, followed by the provision of block chain technical services, or 31, or 15.7 per cent, and the public chain, 25, or 12.7 per cent. 区块链应用前景广阔 The use of block chains is promising 区块链作为一种底层协议或技术方案可以有效地解决信任问题，实现价值的自由传递，在商品溯源、版权保护、电子证据存证、大数据交易、工业能源等领域具有广阔前景。 Block chains, as a bottom-line agreement or technology programme, can effectively address trust issues and achieve the free transmission of values, with broad prospects in areas such as commodity traceability, copyright protection, electronic evidence documentation, large data transactions and industrial energy. 以电子证据为例，由于区块链因其本身具备不可篡改、可追溯特征，极适合与电子存证相结合，存证也因此成为区块链应用的典型场景之一。 For example, in the case of electronic evidence, since the block chain is inherently inexorable and retrospective, it is highly appropriate to combine it with electronic certificates, which thus become one of the typical scenarios for block chain applications. 以上数据来源于前瞻产业研究院《中国区块链行业商业模式创新与投资机会深度分析报告》，同时前瞻产业研究院还提供产业大数据、产业规划、产业申报、产业园区规划、产业招商引资等解决方案。 The above data are derived from the Institute of Forward-looking Industries, , while the Institute of Forward-looking Industries also provides solutions such as large-scale industrial data, industrial planning, industrial declaration, industrial park planning, and investment promotion in industry. 更多深度行业分析尽在【前瞻经济学人APP】，还可以与500+经济学家/资深行业研究员交流互动。 More in-depth industry analysis is available at the APP [foresee economics], and interaction with 500+ economists/senior industry researchers is also possible.
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