本文是关于区块链的常识文章，简要分析了人们对区块链的一些可能的误解，告诉人们什么不是区块链，什么是区块链？适合初学者阅读。
This paper is a common sense article on block chains, briefly analysing some of the possible misconceptions about block chains and telling people what is not a block chain, what is a block chain?
作为区块链技术的爱好者，我对这个去中心化技术非常着迷，尤其是对它改变数据存储和认证方式的能力非常感兴趣。第一次出现无需支付交易费用和第三方机构介入的情况下，任何想交易的双方可以通过数字资产（数字货币）进行价值交易。
As a fan of block chain technology, I am fascinated by this decentralised technology, especially its ability to change the way data are stored and authenticated. For the first time, any interested party can make a value transaction through digital assets (digital money) without having to pay transaction costs and third-party intervention.
在接下来的几年内，这种去信任的系统将会是最安全的数据认证和存储机制，其中的数据是安全的、被有效认证的和被保护的。
In the coming years, this trusted system will be the most secure data authentication and storage mechanism in which data are secure, effectively authenticated and protected.
全世界都在热议比特币和其他加密货币以及它对未来几十年的货币市场的影响。但是更让人兴奋的是区块链技术本身，区块链技术远比加密货币更具价值。
The world is passionate about bitcoins and other encrypted currencies and their impact on the currency markets of the coming decades. But what is more exciting is the block chain technology itself, which is far more valuable than the encrypted currency.
现在，企业或个人可以以数字方式交换或签订合同，其中这些合同嵌入在代码中，并存储在透明的、共享的数据库中，在这些数据库中，它们不会被删除、篡改和修订。
Enterprises or individuals can now exchange or contract in digital form, where these contracts are embedded in codes and stored in transparent, shared databases, where they are not deleted, altered or revised.
未来世界的合同、审核、任务、支付都将被具有唯一性和安全性的签名数字化，数字签名将被永久地识别、认证、法律化和存储，并且无法篡改。这一波区块链浪潮的巨大潜力将必定对我们这个世界的人和物产生深远影响。
Contracts, audits, missions, payments in the future world will all be digitized with unique and secure signatures that will be permanently identified, authenticated, legalized, stored, and cannot be tampered with. The enormous potential of this wave of regional chains will certainly have far-reaching implications for the people and objects of our world.
过去我已经涉及过大量数字货币和区块链原理方面的问题。之前讨论过：区块链、比特币、以太坊、莱特币、瑞波币、智能合约、NEO区块链、钱包。还有很多。但今天，我们来看看：有哪些关于区块链方面的误解？
I've dealt with a lot of questions about the principles of digital money and block chains in the past. I've discussed them before: block chains, bitcoin, Etheria, Letcoco, Ripco, smart contracts, NEO block chains, wallets. There's a lot more. But today, let's see: what's the misunderstanding about block chains?
众所周知，比特币、瑞波币、莱特币的核心技术是区块链，区块链是一种开放的、分布式账本，可以高效的、可验证、永久的记录双方的交易。但你所不知的是：
It is well known that the core technology of Bitcoin, Ripcoin, and Lightcoin is a block chain that is open, distributed and efficient, verifiable, and permanent in recording transactions between the parties. But what you do not know is:
比特币不代表区块链，反之亦然。事实上，比特币只是基于区块链，就如我们使用的Apps是基于数据库的。和Apps处理事务通过数据库获取和存储数据类似，区块链保存了比特币的交易记录，这些交易记录可被验证。
Bitcoin does not represent a block chain, and vice versa. In fact, bitcoin is based only on a block chain, as the Apps we use are based on a database. Similar to the data captured and stored by the Apps processing service through a database, the block chain maintains a bitcoin transaction record that can be verified.
比特币是一种纯粹的数字货币，它使用区块链作为底层技术，将其用作数据库分类帐。
Bitcoin is a purely digital currency that uses the block chain as a bottom technology and uses it as a database ledger.
与比特币相比，商业区块链优先管理数字身份并处理和选择一些选择性交易，而比特币采用密集的工作量证明，这是相当资源密集型的。
Compared to Bitcoin, the commercial block chain gives priority to the management of digital identity and to the processing and selection of selected transactions, as evidenced by the intensive workload used by Bitcoin, which is quite resource-intensive.
就如我们之前讨论的，区块链不是类似比特币的数字货币，它仅仅是保存交易记录的数据库。这就好比说paypal的数据库技术mangoDb不是货币一样。
As we discussed earlier, the block chain is not a bitcoin-like digital currency; it's just a database that keeps records of transactions. That's like Paypal's database technology, mangoDb, is not a currency.
许多分布式应用程序正在基于区块链构建，而区块链本身不是应用程序或产品。这些产品将其用作实用设施，并建立在其上面。
Many distributed applications are being constructed on the basis of block chains, which are not in themselves applications or products.
为了能够取代我们目前现有的交易机制，区块链必须具备一些重要的标准，如：
In order to be able to replace our existing trading mechanisms, the block chain must have a number of important criteria, such as:
- 它拥有一个被广泛接受的交易网络，该网络支持交易无缝进行并且安全。
- 它应该能够验证分布式网络中的多个帐户。
- 应该能够跟踪并记录是谁交易以及在哪个时间交易了多少价值。
- 应该有能力做安全可信的交易
- 应该保存一个真实的记录，以便在整个网络上共享以进行验证。
如果所有上述价值和标准都满足，那么这技术就可以替代我们的传统交易系统，否则现在就说它可以完全取代它还为时过早。
If all of these values and standards are met, then the technology can replace our traditional trading system, or it is too early to say that it can completely replace it.
目前许多应用程序都是基于这种分布式数据库技术构建的，这种技术在没有商业网络需求的情况下效果很好，因此区块链作为一个分布式的数据库可以很好地补充现有数据库技术，但无法完全替代它，因为它受限于大型商业场景。
Many applications are currently constructed on the basis of this distributed database technology, which works well without the need for a commercial network, so that the block chain, as a distributed database, can well complement the existing database technology but cannot be entirely replaced by it, as it is limited to large business scenarios.
是的，与TCP/IP网络浪潮相比较，区块链已经扩展得太快了，但它还没有经历孕育期，还不能说它已经完全成熟并被广泛接受，就像互联网浪潮一样。
Yes, compared to the TCP/IP web wave, the block chain has expanded too fast, but it has not gone through the gestation period and cannot be said to be fully mature and widely accepted, like the Internet wave.
对于区块链来说，它要能够颠覆数字竞技场还需要克服许多挑战：技术、治理、社会、企业都必须联合起来，使之成为一种现象。
For a block chain to be able to destabilize the digital arena, many challenges still need to be overcome: technology, governance, society and business must be united to make it a phenomenon.
是的，它可能还需要花10到15年（也许没那么长），才能成为真正主流。如果它比我预测时间更短，那么它将真正成为一个游戏改变者，所有利益相关者都将是这个区块链革命的受益者。
Yes, it may take 10 to 15 years (perhaps not that long) to become a real mainstream. If it is shorter than I predicted, it will really be a game changer, and all stakeholders will be the beneficiaries of this chain revolution.
是的，区块链革命已经开始取得进展，并将影响全球各地的所有人。至于它什么时候可以完全取代传统的互联网系统，现在不太清楚，但肯定会发生。
Yes, the block chain revolution has begun to make progress and will affect everyone around the globe. It is not clear when it will completely replace the traditional Internet system, but it will happen.
现在，你知道什么不是区块链了，那我们继续聊聊：
Now, you know what's not a block chain, so let's talk about it:
用更简化的方式来解释，为大家提供了一个来自于Blockchainhub的信息图表：
A simpler interpretation provides you with an information chart from Blockchainhub:
就像《哈佛商业评论》文章说的：
As the Harvard Business Review says:
“除了为区块链的采用提供了一个很好的模板外，TCP /IP很可能为它铺平了道路。 TCP / IP已经无处不在，区块链应用程序正在数字数据、通信和计算基础架构之上构建，从而降低了实验成本，并将使新的使用案例迅速出现。
“In addition to providing a good template for the use of the block chain, TCP/IP is likely to pave the way for it. TCP/IP is everywhere, and block chain applications are being constructed on the basis of digital data, communications, and computing infrastructure, thus reducing the cost of experimentation and will rapidly result in new cases of use.
不管什么样的情况，很大的可能是区块链会影响您的业务。最大的问题是什么时候。”
In any case, it's very likely that the block chain will affect your business. The biggest question is when."
我有一种感觉，就是在未来的竞争中，如果不接受区块链革命的话，任何企业都不能在不断变化的市场中取胜。是的，先发优势将在决定赢家和输家方面发挥主要作用。
I have a feeling that in future competition, no firm can win in a changing market without accepting a block chain revolution. Yes, pre-emptive advantage will play a major role in determining winners and losers.
所以现在是时候开始了，可能不是大规模，而是在你的组织中投入较少的资金来尝试使用区块链进行数据管理。
So the time has come to start, perhaps not on a large scale, but to invest less in your organization to try to use block chains for data management.
你也可以在电子商务或游戏中使用现有的比特币支付机制。如果这不适合你的风险偏好，那么你现在不应冒险建立自己的区块链网络，但使用现有的区块链即服务（BaaS）或区块链支持平台来开发你自己的业务解决方案是一个明智之举。
You can also use existing bitcoin payment mechanisms in e-commerce or games. If this does not suit your risk preferences, you should not risk building your own network of block chains now, but it would be wise to use existing block chains, i.e. services or block chains, to develop your own business solutions.
我常说：
I used to say:
最小的风险就是去冒险，但是如果决定不及时，那肯定会给你带来重大打击。
The least risk is to take risks, but if it is decided not to do so in time, it will certainly have a major impact on you.
原文作者：Pramod Chandrayan
This post is part of our special coverage Egypt Protests 2011.
原文地址：codeburst.io
Original address: codeburg.io
译者：Jos（司马青衫），蓝狐笔记（微信号：lanhubiji）
Translator: Jos, Blue Fox Note (micro sign: lanhubiji)
本文由 @蓝狐笔记社群“Jos（司马青衫）” 翻译发布于人人都是产品经理。未经许可，禁止转载。
This post was translated by @Blue Fox Notebook Community, “Jos” and published by everyone as a product manager.
题图来自 Pixabay，基于 CC0 协议
The title is from Pixabay, based on the CC0 protocol.
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