在线翻译范文

在线翻译范文第1篇

海词网不仅仅是一个翻译网站,网易的有道词典搜索、腾讯的搜搜词典搜索、搜狐的搜狗词典搜索以及很多其他在线翻译工具的内容,曾经都来自海词团队的努力。

It is more than a translator web site, and its easy web search for dictionaries, search for search dictionaries, search for dog dictionaries for foxes and many other online translation tools have been drawn from the efforts of the hymn team.

“我们为大网站做了很多年的词典OEM服务,但是至今为止这些网站的用户基本上都不知道我们的存在。”上海词海信息技术有限公司CEO范剑淼无奈地说,“过去我们精力不足,只做了我们认为最核心的内容部分,现在我们也要争取把自己的平台做好。”

“We've been doing the dictionaries OEM for the big sites for many years, but the users of these sites have so far been largely unaware of our existence.” The CEO's sword, Shanghai and Information Technology Ltd., says, “We used to lack energy and only did what we thought was the core content, and now we have to try to get our platforms right.”

留洋博士的在线翻译情缘

Dr. Yoon's online translator.

2002年,范剑淼留学美国,开始了硕博连读的求学生涯。刚到国外的时候,范剑淼与其他中国留学生一样,遇到了语言的挑战。“那时金山词霸已经有了软件版本,但是学校的机器无法安装软件,因此没办法使用。虽然美国互联网很发达,但是尚没有一个网站可以提供在线英汉互译服务。”范剑淼说,“我对计算机很感兴趣,同时也感觉到在线翻译是一个趋势,就有了自己做一个翻译网站的想法。”

In 2002, Fan Jianxian studied in the United States and started a career as a prolific student. When he first arrived abroad, Fan Jianxiang, like other Chinese students, faced language challenges. “When the software version was available, the school machine was unable to install software, so it was impossible to use it. Although the Internet was well developed in the United States, none of the websites offered online English-Han interpretation services.” The Fan Jing said, “I'm interested in computers, but also feels that online translation is a trend and that I have the idea of making a translation site.”

范剑淼最初的想法是搭建一个平台,让用户共同建设词库和改进词条,于是在2003年发起了“在线词典项目”。

The original idea of Fan Jianxian was to set up a platform for users to work together to build the dictionary and improve the vocabulary, and the “Online Dictionary Project” was launched in 2003.

没想到项目设立之初就在美国的华人留学生中引起了很好的反响,很多人在这个平台上积极地做维护。更让范剑淼没有预料到的是,后来这个平台在国外留学生群体中产生了巨大的影响。“不少用户告诉我,了解这个网站是从第一次走进美国大学图书馆开始的―他们看到很多电脑屏幕上都是这个网站的主页,华人留学生都在用这个网站,边学习边查词,”范剑淼说,“我们的网站成为很多留学生的生活必需品,因为对华人留学生来说,当时这个网站是唯一的在线词典解决方案。这让我感到很有意义。”

“I have been told by many users that understanding this site began with the first time that it entered the American university library - they saw many computer screens on the home page, and Chinese students were using it, while learning to check,” the Chinese swordsman said, “Our website became a necessity for many students, because it was the only online dictionary solution for Chinese students.”

然而,网站流量的增加不仅耗费了范剑淼很多精力,而且服务器托管和网络带宽的费用也渐渐难以凭借他的奖学金支撑。当这个完全公益的项目渐渐成为一种负担时,范剑淼也犹豫了起来。

However, not only does the increase in web traffic take a lot of energy, but the cost of server hosting and web bandwidth is becoming difficult to support with his scholarship. When this project is becoming a burden, it is also hesitant.

“还好,这个时候Google推出了AdSense(包括内容广告和搜索广告,自动抓取网站内容并投放与网站受众和网站内容相关的广告,网站可以通过在搜索结果页上展示Google 广告来获得收入),网站开始有了收入,我用这些收入买了更好的带宽,网站得以继续生存了下来。”范剑淼回忆道。

“Alright, at a time when Google launched AdSense (including content advertisements and search advertisements, automatic capture of website content and placement of ads related to website audience and website content, which can be earned by displaying Google advertisements on search results pages), the website began to generate income, which I used to buy better bandwidth, and the site was able to survive.” Fan Jianxun.

通过运行网站,范剑淼每天收到大量用户的意见,其中不乏专业性建议和指导。另一方面,他通过研读知识发掘和词典翻译方面的文献,不知不觉中从门外汉成长为内行。

On the other hand, by reading literature on knowledge discovery and dictionaries, he has unwittingly grown from outside the home to an insider.

2007年,范剑淼博士毕业,此时虽有美国大公司很有诱惑力的工作职位摆在面前,但他还是选择了自己钻研和积累了数年的在线翻译平台。2008年,他决定回国发展,正式开始了海词的公司化运作。

In 2007, when Dr. Fan Jianxiang graduated, he chose his own online translation platform, which he had developed and accumulated for several years. In 2008, he decided to return home and officially start working on lingua franca.

深耕内容培养独特优势

Deep-farming content develops unique advantages

范剑淼一直强调海词在原创内容方面的优势: “以前国外也有很多人在帮我做这个网站,而现在主要依靠国内的力量。我们这个网站是做得最早的在线翻译平台,也是得到用户帮助最多的,因此做得最专业。我们数据库中大部分的词条,是主要竞争对手所不具备的。”

Fan Swords have always emphasized the advantage of linguistics in original content: "There were many people abroad who were helping me to do this website, and now we rely mainly on domestic power. Our website is the first online translation platform and the most user-friendly, so it's the most professional. Most of the words in our database are not available to the main competitor."

然而,做原创的词典内容十分困难,这从纸质词典庞大的编写队伍以及漫长的出版周期中,就可以窥见一斑。那么海词又是怎样做的呢?

However, it is very difficult to create original dictionaries, which can be seen in the large team of paper dictionaries and the length of the publication cycle. So how do the dictionaries do it?

“我们在原有的数据库基础上,不断更新词汇和释义,这项工作是通过审核大量用户建议形成的。”范剑淼说,“这有点像维基百科,但是我们还有一个专业的把关审核过程。”现在海词网拥有上千万用户,每天的点击量很大,而且有很大部分点击来自海外。很多用户对于英文学习的热情很高,因此网站得到的专业性建议也十分丰富。

“We keep our vocabulary and interpretation up to date on the basis of the old database, and this is done by reviewing a large number of user proposals.” Fan Jianxuan says, “It's kind of like Wikipedia, but we also have a professional clearance process.” The hymn network now has tens of millions of users, has a large number of hits per day, and a large number of hits come from overseas. Many users are very enthusiastic about learning English, so the website receives a wealth of professional advice.

“我们把自己定位成下一代词典。”范剑淼表示,“我们希望海词在内容权威性方面超过纸质词典,因为纸质词典更新周期太长,而且编辑过程中依靠个人的知识积累。我们做了大量语言统计,内容有一定的客观性,准确性高。我们的编辑也具有相应的专业知识,其中有不少人是海归。相对于纸质词典来说,我们呈现的是鲜活的语言。”

"We set ourselves up as the next generation of dictionaries." The verse says, "We want dictionaries to outperform paper dictionaries in terms of content authority, because paper dictionaries are too long in their updating cycles and are compiled on the basis of personal accumulation of knowledge. We do a lot of language statistics, with some objectivity and accuracy. Our editors also have the corresponding expertise, many of them at sea. In contrast to paper dictionaries, we speak a living language."

责任在前,盈利在后

Responsibility is ahead, profit is behind.

提到海词的盈利模式,范剑淼显得比较谨慎。“编纂词典是社会公益性事业,这个行业盈利比较难。我们现在只是希望将这件事情继续做下去,不断提高服务质量。用户数量足够的话,网站的生存肯定不是问题。”

In referring to the profit model of the hymn, the sword is more cautious. “Codification of the dictionary is a social public good, and the industry is less profitable. We just want to keep this up and improve the quality of services. If the number of users is enough, the survival of the website is certainly not a problem.”

目前海词的收入主要来自两方面,一个是网站上的广告,包括Google AdSense和一些英文培训机构等的直投广告,另一块来自OEM内容使用费。

The current income from the verb comes mainly from two sources: advertisements on the website, including direct advertisements such as Google AdSense and some English-language training institutes, and user fees for OEM content.

对于未来,范剑淼比较乐观,他认为获得大量用户群之后,再依托新的商业模式建立应用,最终实现盈利是迟早的事情。“因为互联网在线词典检索是趋势,它不仅效率高,而且有其他纸质书籍不具备的丰富的表现形式,用户数量会越来越多。”

For the future, Fan Jianxiang is more optimistic, and he believes that it is only a matter of time before a new business model can be used to build applications and ultimately profit. “Because Internet-based dictionaries are a trend that is not only efficient, but also has a wealth of expressions that are not available in other paper-based books, the number of users will grow.”

另一方面,海词也在马不停蹄地进行翻译工具的自主研发工作。现在他们已经研发出了电脑软件dictcn海词词典,依托苹果网络应用程序商店的手机词典软件已经得到很多海外用户的认可。下一步,他们将开发适合更多型号手机的软件程序,同时计划与电子书等产品进行深度合作。

On the other hand, the verbs are also doing autonomous research and development of translation tools. Now they have developed a computer software dictcn dictionaries, and many overseas users have endorsed the dictionaries from the Apple Web application store.

“一切都是以做好内容为基础的,因为这关系到广大网民的知识积累与学习,马虎不得。”范剑淼说他们也在积极寻找风险投资商,因为通过7年的积累,海词的商业潜力已经有了挖掘价值。“我们希望借助融资把企业提升到一个新的台阶。这需要具有社会责任感的风险投资家,希望他们更注重长远回报而不是快速的现金流,能够看到我们这个项目的社会价值和对网民的巨大影响力。”

“everything is based on good content, because it is about the accumulation of knowledge and learning on the part of the vast majority of the Internet.” Fan Sword said that they were also actively looking for venture investors, because the commercial potential of the linguistics had been tapped through seven years of accumulation. “We want to raise businesses to a new level through financing. This requires risk investors with a social sense of responsibility, who want to focus more on long-term returns than on rapid cash flows and see the social value of our project and its enormous impact on the Internet.”

我们2009年10月正式进驻上海浦东软件园。作为孵化器的孵化对象,我们受到了很多来自软件园的帮助。这里的环境非常有利于我们专心做事。

We officially went to Shanghai Podong Software Park in October 2009. As incubators, we received a lot of help from the software park. The environment is very conducive to our focus.

――上海词海信息技术有限公司CEO范剑淼

- CEO Fanjiang, Shanghai Pyramid Information Technology Co. Ltd.

在线翻译范文第2篇

很多人都有这样的经历，在撰写英文简历或者阅读英文资料时看到不懂的词语、句子，一般都自然而然地想到要利用在线翻译软件来帮忙。不过用过这种服务的人都对在线翻译的质量无可奈何。“查查词语还行，翻译成句子就不成样子了。”这是很多使用过在线翻译工具的人的体会。无疑，像译言这样的分享平台更适合对翻译要求比较高的用户。

Many people have experience with words and sentences that they do not understand when writing their curricula vitae in English or reading their materials in English, often naturally thinking of using online translation software to help. But people who use this service can hardly help with the quality of online translation. “Sifting words is good, translating sentences is bad.” This is the experience of many who have used online translation tools.

“译言这样的网站适合专业的翻译人士，比较小众。”金山软件有限公司金山在线和金山词霸事业部的总经理黎万强告诉记者，现在市场上外语学习和使用的辅助工具有很多，最传统的就是电子词典，现在又有了在线翻译软件。而以往看到捧着英汉词典查找单词的情景现在在办公环境下已经很少见了，甚至是大学生在阅读和翻译英文资料的时候也都动辄打开金山词霸。黎万强告诉记者，现在全中国金山词霸的用户超过3000万。这可以理解，因为金山词霸早就实行在线免费下载使用。

“A website like this is suitable for a professional translator, and it is less popular.” The director-general of the Golden Mountain Online and Golden Mountain Liquor Department of Software Limited told reporters that there are now many support tools for foreign language learning and use in the market, the most traditional being the electronic dictionaries, and that there are now online translation software.

黎万强认为，现在对学生群体和其他人员帮助最大的是在线英语学习社区网站。金山的爱词霸网就是这样的一个社区网站，目前注册用户达到250万。

According to Le Mangung, the most helpful group of students and others now is the online English-learning community website. KIMshan’s word-and-word network is one such community site, which currently has 2.5 million registered users.

黎万强告诉记者，一般来讲，要一个人查询一个词语的英文意思，最权威的是词典，但是传统英语词典更新周期一般是5年，很多新词语根本来不及收录进去。这时候到在线英语学习社区去询问，往往会得到及时的回复。而这样的在线社区再与搜索引擎合作，往往能发挥更大的作用。5月8日，Google和金山联合开发的“谷歌金山词霸”正式。

Le Man Qiang told journalists that, as a rule, one person needs to look for a word in English, the most authoritative of which is the dictionary, but the traditional English dictionary is usually updated for five years, and many new words are not included at all. When asked at this point in time in the online English-language learning community, there is often a timely response.

我们都知道英语培训已经成为一个大生意，新东方、戴尔英语等培训机构生意红火。那么像金山词霸这样的提供英语学习和使用辅助工具的企业能否也发展壮大呢？黎万强认为是可以的，但金山词霸不需要进入英语培训等自己不擅长的领域，金山只需要隐藏在各个行业的合作伙伴后面即可，“我们要找每个行业最强势的合作伙伴来进行合作，并充分遵守每个细分渠道合作伙伴已有的赢利模式”。

We all know that English training has become a big business, with training institutions like the New East, Del, etc.

金山词霸王这样做的好处是可以获得各种各样的授权和分成收益。这种收益不需要自己做大力的市场推广，需要的只是把翻译技术不断提高。

In doing so, the King of Gold Hills has the advantage of obtaining a wide range of authorizations and shares of the proceeds. Such gains do not need to be marketed vigorously on their own, but simply to upgrade the translation technology.

而免费提供给广大普通消费者下载到自己的电脑里的金山词霸，也可以凭借庞大的用户量卖广告。用户一旦使用金山词霸查词，点击某个词语，将马上被转到爱词霸网上。这个网站的流量大都是如此带来的。记者看到这个网站上的广告主大都是各种英语培训机构。

If a user uses the terminologies and clicks on a word, it will be transferred to the Internet. Much of the traffic on this site is brought about. Journalists see that the ads on this site are mostly English-language training institutions.

随着手机上网热潮的兴起，手机版的翻译辅助软件也流行开来。金山词霸手机版已经授权给300多款手机使用，市场占有率达到80%以上。

With the rise of mobile phones online, the mobile version of the translation support software is popular. The Golden Phrase version has been authorized for more than 300 mobile phones, with more than 80% market access.

“根据我们的了解，目前在中国学习英语的学生就超过3亿人，我们只要把我们的学习英语辅工具的角色扮演到位了，那么在这个细分市场，我们会有比较好的发展前景。”黎万强表示，他们目前正在开发苹果iPhone版本的金山词霸。

“According to our understanding, there are more than 300 million students currently studying English in China, and as long as we put in place our role as an auxiliary tool for learning English, there will be better prospects for development in this segment of the market.” Le Manqiang said that they are currently developing the Apple iPhone version of the Golden Mountain Phrase.

在线翻译范文第3篇

关键词：在线词典 英语翻译 网络词典

Keywords: Online Dictionary English Translation Web Dictionary

一、国内在线翻译词典现状

I. Status of online translation of dictionaries in the country

1.现存优势

Existing advantages

1）编读动态互动强，体现语料实时性

1) Read dynamic interactions that reflect the real-time nature of language materials

与传统纸质词典相比，在线翻译软件具有极强的动态性。传统词典的修订周期至少在三至五年左右，许多信息已经过时。在线翻译软件由互联网进行并传播，更容易及时进行动态更新，使得词典读者更容易及时获得最新的知识和研究成果。此外，读者在使用在线翻译软件的过程中还能根据自己对词典的使用，制定用户自定义词库，方便个人的学习。

The online translation software is extremely dynamic compared to the traditional paper dictionaries. The revised cycle of the traditional dictionaries is at least three to five years, and much information is out of date. The online translation software is carried out and disseminated over the Internet, making it easier to dynamically update it in a timely manner, making it easier for readers to access up-to-date knowledge and research results.

2）检索方式多样化，体现查阅便捷性

2) Diversity of search methods, reflecting ease of access

传统词典以纸张为载体，依赖使用者手动翻阅来进行查阅。因为效率低下直接影响了使用者的积极性。而使用在线翻译软件时，读者只需要在索引框中输入要查阅的词，就能很快找到关于该条目的解释。此外，在线翻译软件提供更人性化的搜索服务，如模糊查询，词形查询，词意查询等等。

The traditional dictionaries are paper-based and rely on users to search manually. Inefficiency has a direct effect on users'motivation. When using the online translation software, readers simply need to enter the words to be consulted in the index box, they can quickly find an explanation for the purpose of the article. In addition, the online translation software provides a more humane search service, such as vague queries, word queries, word queries, word queries, etc.

3）语料库资源丰富，体现词典高质性

3) The language library is rich in resources and reflects the high quality of the dictionary

在线翻译软件能提供来自不同网络词典的释义信息，实现多种词典资源的整合型搜索服务，从而使读者获取到对词目较为准确和全面的知识。此外，在线翻译软件充分利用了多媒体技术，在词条下加入精美的图画，动画，影视文件。这些技术对查阅者来说是多重感官刺激，有助于对单词的记忆及理解。

The online translation software provides interpretive information from different web dictionaries and provides an integrated search service for multiple dictionaries resources, thus enabling readers to acquire more accurate and comprehensive knowledge of the terms. Moreover, the online translation software makes full use of multimedia technology to add fine drawings, animations, and visual files to the words. These technologies are multiple sensory incentives for viewers and contribute to the memory and understanding of words.

4）语境下以义聚类，体现词典认知性

4) Clusters in the context of synonyms, reflecting the cognitive nature of dictionaries

在线翻译软件的编纂可以从大脑的认知规律出发，以语义关系来组织词目，可以使词典使用者根据意义检索到他想要的词目。有的在线翻译软还能提供词目的释义、词性以及语义关系、语法关系等全部信息，在线翻译软件不再是简单意义上的工具书，而更像是全方位的英语学习利器。

Online translation software can be compiled from the cognitive patterns of the brain, organizing words in semantic terms, enabling dictionaries users to retrieve the words they want according to their meaning. Some online translation is also soft enough to provide all the information about the meaning of the word, its verb and semantic relations, syntax relations, etc. Online translation software is no longer a tool book in the simple sense of the word, but more like a comprehensive English learning tool.

2.现存问题

2. Existing issues

1）语料不充分

1. Inadequate language

国内的各大在线英语词典中，语料不充分是一个普遍性的问题。第一，单词的意义不完整。传统纸质词典中某单词可能有多达数十个义项，而在在线词典中可能只收录到十个以内。例如，在有道词典中输入pump一词，显示该词作为动词只有“抽送”、“洗胃”之意，而忽略了“打气”、“连续射击”等其他常用释义。另一方面，对很多网络热词，如“丝”、“给力”等等，却找不到信息。

In large online English dictionaries in the country, inadequate language is a universal problem. First, the meaning of the word is incomplete. The traditional paper dictionaries may contain as many as a dozen words, while the online dictionaries may record only ten. For example, the word "pump" is entered in the available dictionary, showing that the word is used as a verb of "smoking", "basketwashing", while ignoring other commonly used interpretations of "bringing", "sunfire" and other terms.

2）语料错误多

2) More Qualitative Errors

国内在线英语词典的另一个显著问题就是错误较多。这一点集中体现在在线词典的音标错误和拼写错误上。英语中有很多单词读音会根据词性变化，如desert，perfect等。而大多数在线英语词典仅仅是标注其中一个音标而忽略其他。在输入“伦理学”时，词典的网络释义在显示正确拼写“ethics”的同时，也会显示错误拼写“ethiks”，这些错误对初学者会造成很大的误导。

Another notable problem with the online English dictionary in the country is that there are more errors. This is concentrated on the soundmark errors and spelling errors in the online dictionary. There are many words in English that can be read in terms of linguistic changes, such as desert, perfect, etc. Most online English dictionaries are merely labeling one of the notes while ignoring others. When entering “ethics”, the dictionaries’ web-based interpretation shows the correct spelling of “ethics” and the erroneous spelling of “ethiks”, which can be highly misleading for beginners.

3）语料专业化缺失

3. Lack of language specialization

国内在线英语词典还有一个问题，就是专业化程度不高。一些专业领域的专业术语很难有正确的解释。例如，对于语言学领域的两个常用术语：linguistic-relativity hypothesis，authoritarian disposition任何一部在线词典都无法给出合理解释。

There is also a problem with the online English dictionary in the country, which is less specialized. Professional terms in some areas of specialization are difficult to interpret correctly. For example, neither of the two commonly used terms in the field of linguistics: linguistic-relativity hypothesis, nor any of the online dictionaries can provide a reasonable explanation.

二、在线翻译词典市场分析

II. Analysis of the online translation dictionary market

1.需求对象分析

1. Demand audience analysis

目前对在线翻译词典的主体需求对象按需求高度分为三类：高级需求者、中级需求者、初级需求者。高级需求者的代表群体为各级英语学者及教师、英语专业学生；中级需求者的代表群体为普通大学学生、高教育背景在职工作者；初级需求者的代表群体为初高中学生。针对不同需求对象，在线翻译词典应该在语料资源方面，词条内容方面，人机互动方面有的放矢。

At present, the main demand audience for the online translation of dictionaries is divided into three categories according to demand: senior demanders, middle demanders, primary demanders. Senior demanders are represented by English scholars and teachers at all levels, English language students; middle demanders are represented by general university students, by high-education in-service workers; and primary demanders are represented by junior high school students.

2.软件质量分析

2. Software quality analysis

评判一部词典是好是坏，第一点即取决于其语料库是否足够强大。金山公司坚持购买正版权威词典内容，为英语学习者和爱好者提供更详实的专业内容。如金山词霸2003，收录共计49部科技词书，荟萃《美国传统词典》、《现代英汉综合大辞典》等12部权威词典。此后的诸多修订版中，又加入了512个专业词库，涉及电子，机械，汽车等行业，一些难得的行业术语也被译出。

In many subsequent revisions, 512 specialized dictionaries have been added, covering electronics, mechanics, cars, and some rare trade terms have also been translated.

有道这个基于作为国内第一个基于搜索引擎技术的互联网词典，依托强大的搜索引擎后台，开发出先进的“网页萃取”（Page Extraction）技术，在业内率先推出“网络释义”功能，在数十亿的海量网页数据中筛选出2千多万翻译语料，通过对这些翻译语料的挖掘处理，最终向用户推送最准确的翻译结果。

This Internet dictionary, based on the first search engine-based technology in the country, builds on the backstage of a powerful search engine, develops advanced “page extraction” technology, pioneers the introduction of web interpretation in the industry, filters over 20 million translations out of billions of big web data, and ultimately delivers the most accurate translation results to users by excavating these translations.

综上，在线翻译词典应该在语料资源方面，要尽力做到保持语料库的时时更新；在词条内容方面，要大力发展词典专业化建设，开发研究型词典；在人机互动方面，要根据使用对象的认知能力进行人性化设置，提高词典使用便捷性及趣味性。

In summary, the online translation dictionary should be updated as much as possible in terms of language resources, keeping the language library up to date; in terms of the content of the dictionaries, a major effort should be made to develop the specialization of the dictionaries and to develop the research dictionary; and in terms of human interaction, a humanization should be made in accordance with the cognitive abilities of the user, with a view to making the dictionaries more user-friendly and interesting.

三、结论

III. CONCLUSION

国内在线翻译词典经历了十几年的发展，各种在线翻译软件层出不穷，由于缺乏经验的积累与系统的分析，该行业竞争日趋激烈，金山、百度、谷歌、有道等几大公司争抢市场。尽管如此，各大公司只有积极调整自己的发展策略， 立足于英汉互译， 不断扩展语料库， 建立纠错机制， 提高词典质量， 转变发展思维， 才能在互联网中创立自己的品牌， 在给各行各业的人们带来优质服务的同时也带来在线英语词典行业的繁荣。

Domestic online translation dictionaries have evolved for more than a decade, with a variety of online translation software, which has become more competitive because of a lack of accumulated experience and systematic analysis. Nevertheless, large companies have been actively adapting their own development strategies, based on English-Hand translation, expanding the language library, creating fault mechanisms, improving the quality of the dictionaries, changing their thinking about development, creating their own brands on the Internet, and bringing quality services to people in all walks of life, as well as the prosperity of the online English dictionary industry.

参考文献：

References:

[1]孟伟根. 在线词典的特点及在翻译中的应用[J]. 绍兴文理学院学报（哲学社会科版）， 2006，（3）.

[1] Mon Weigen. Features of the online dictionary and its application in translation [J]. Journal of the Schochen School of Arts and Sciences (philosophies of social sciences), 2006, (3).

[2]王馥芳， 马兰梅.语料库词典的局限性[ J] .辞书研究，2003， （3）： 20- 26.

[2] Wang Yifan, The limitations of the Maramme. Dictionary of the Language Library [J]. Leaf study, 2003, (3): 20-26.

[3]俞剑.新词典新观念―――关于网络词典的思考.辞书研究， 1996， （6）： 56- 66.

[3] RYU Sword. New concept of the new dictionary - Thinking about the web dictionary. A book study, 1996, (6): 56-66.

在线翻译范文第4篇

>> 冲破语言的障碍　免费在线翻译立大功 两种在线翻译工具的比较 电子词典和在线翻译在英语学习中的正反作用 在线翻译也是大生意 深耕在线翻译与检索 英语语言翻译中的文化障碍及对策 英语语言翻译中的文化障碍及解决对策 冲破“望文生畏”的围墙障碍 小活动,立大功 小猫立大功 为Safari增加在线翻译功能 俄语如何进行在线翻译操作 在线翻译―网际遨游无极限 冲破障碍 寻找自由 冲破障碍 全胜高考 拯救血压,运动立大功 金融强市:如何冲破横亘在前的障碍 李毅中：要冲破安全监管的体制障碍 冲破语言障碍，从培养阅读理解力开始 在线翻译网站英译汉排歧质量比较 常见问题解答 当前所在位置：l），你可以把它们添加到你的博客或者个人网站上来增加更多丰富多彩的功能。值得一提的是，海词还提供了一种在线的拼音输入法，这样你不需要安装输入法就可以输入中文了。

& gt; & & gt; Breaking the barriers to language Breaking the barriers Breaking the barriers to language Breaking the barriers breaking the barriers to language translation Breaking the barriers to language access Breaking the barriers to language translation Breaking the barriers to language use Breaking the barriers to language use Breaking the barriers to language use Breaking the barriers to language use Breaking the barriers to language from developing reading comprehension Starting the efforts to translate online translation into online translation How the Russian language operates online Translator to limit the barriers Breaking the barriers Searching the barriers Breaking the barriers Finding the barriers Breaking the barriers Breaking the barriers Breaking the blood pressure All the high points Financial Power Breaking the barriers Breaking the barriers in front English language Translationing the barriers to language

四、译典通

IV. COMMUNICATIONS

（词典网址：.cn/）

(dictionary address:.cn/)

译典通是生产商业软件的英业达（上海）有限公司推出的一个在线免费版本。该版本的译典通提供了较大量的词汇并配有真人发音，同时可以查询同义词、反义词、词形变化等。另外还可以查询日语词汇，并配有日语学堂、英语多味堂等实用栏目。该软件提供了中文简体、中文繁体和英语三种界面，你可以通过界面右上角的三个按钮方便地进行语言的切换。

Translation is an online, free version of the English (Shanghai) Ltd., which produces commercial software. The version provides a larger number of terms with authentic pronunciation, while searching for synonyms, verbs, typographical changes, etc. The Japanese vocabulary can also be consulted with practical columns such as the Japanese Language Hall, the English Favorite Hall, etc. The software provides three interfaces: Chinese, Chinese Literary, and English, and you can easily switch languages through three buttons at the right corner of the interface.

五、雅虎字典

V. Yahoo Dictionary

（词典网址：/）

(dictionary address: /)

雅虎的单词翻译是由译典通提供的。雅虎字典和爱词霸一样，具有词汇提示功能，比如当你输入unti后，它就会马上提示以其开头的所有单词，便于你快速进行输入。雅虎字典一个最大的好处就是它能翻译网络词汇，在互联时代，像汉字一样，很多英文旧词有了新解，这时候你就可以通过网络词汇来查找它的含意了。

Yahoo's word-translation is provided by the translator. The Yahoo dictionary, like the Lovers, has a vocabulary alert function, for example, when you enter unti, it immediately alerts you to all the words it starts, so that you can quickly enter them. One of the greatest benefits of the Yahoo dictionary is that it can translate the web vocabulary, and in the interconnection era, many old words in English have been newed, as in Chinese, so that you can find out what it means by using the web vocabulary.

六、百度词典

VI. 100-degree dictionary

（词典网址：/）

(dictionary address: /)

百度也有线上英汉互译词典。打开词典主页，随便输入一个英语单词，或者输入一个汉字词语，留意一下搜索框上方多出来的词典提示，点击结果页上的“词典”链接，就可以得到高质量的翻译结果。百度的线上词典不但能翻译普通的英语单词、词组、汉字词语，甚至还能翻译常见的成语。

100 degrees also have English-Han translations of dictionaries online. Open the dictionary home page, type a word in English, or type a word in Chinese, watch out for more dictionaries over the search box, click on the " Dictionary " link on the result page, and get high-quality translations. The 100-degree dictionaries can translate not only ordinary English words, phrases, Chinese words, but even common scripts.

在线翻译范文第5篇

关键词： 翻译批评 在线翻译工具 比较

Keywords: translation criticism online translation tool comparison

1.引言

Introduction

随着全球经济一体化的发展，世界各国对于文化、科学等各个领域的翻译人才有着巨大需求。翻译任务繁重，而译者又几乎不可能是通晓百科的全才，因此借助于某些辅助工具就成为必然。在现代信息社会中，网络全球化，在线资源异常丰富。利用网络在线翻译工具，译者可以轻松快捷地翻译出不熟悉的术语、新兴的词汇，甚至是句子、段落，乃至整篇文档。

With the growth of global economic integration, countries around the world are in great need of translators in various fields, such as culture and science. Translation is a heavy task, and translators are almost impossible to understand the full range of encyclopedia.

但是，翻译工具毕竟是机械的，没有人的智慧，所以翻译文本难免有错，有的语法不对，有的还会闹笑话。笔者选取了四段不同类型的文本，分别用两种在线翻译工具――谷歌在线翻译（translate.省略.hk）和雅虎在线翻译（babelfish.省略）进行翻译，目的是想比较两种在线翻译工具的优劣。

However, the translation tools are, after all, mechanical and no one has the wisdom, so the translation text is inevitably wrong, some grammar is wrong, and some jokes are made. I have selected four different types of text, using two different online translation tools, Google Online Translation (translate. omitted.hk) and Yahoo Online Translation (babelfish. omitted), in order to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the two online translation tools.

2.理论背景

2. Theoretical background

2.1译者使用电子工具辅助翻译的必要性

2.1 Need for interpreters to use electronic tools to support translation

二十一世纪是信息时代，可获得的信息以滚雪球般的速度增加，跨文化交流日益频繁，加上人们的工作和生活持续网络化、虚拟化，这一切都使得翻译工作者的翻译方法发生了巨大改变（Austermuhl，2006：1）。根据一些学者的统计，未来十年需要处理的知识总量将大大超过过去2500年所累积起来的全部知识总量；世界上出版的科技刊物达165，000种，平均每天有大约20，000篇科技；每天在因特网上流通的数据量远远超过整个19世纪的全部数据总和；根据德国的一项统计，1991年科技词汇已经达到30，000，000个，预计这一数字在五年内将增加一倍（Austermuhl，2006：6-7）。这些数据表明了一个事实――“信息爆炸”（Information Explosion）。即使是最聪明的人也无法掌握当今知识的十分之一。传统的人工翻译方法已经无法满足新时代的要求，利用电脑、网络等电子工具辅助翻译已成为一种必然趋势。

The twenty-first century is an age of information, with the availability of information growing at snowball speeds, with increased cross-cultural exchanges, combined with the continuous networking and virtualization of people's work and lives, all of which have led to significant changes in the translation methods of translators (Austermuhl, 2006:1), according to some scholars, the total amount of knowledge to be processed in the next decade will be significantly larger than the total amount of knowledge accumulated in the last 2,500 years; 165,000 scientific and technical journals published in the world, with an average of about 20,000 technologies per day; the amount of data circulating on the Internet every day is far greater than the sum of all data in the entire nineteenth century; according to a German statistic, 30 million scientific and technical terms in 1991 are expected to double in five years (Austermuhl, 2006:6-7).

2.2翻译批评的标准

2.2 Criteria for translation of criticisms

对于翻译批评的定义，百度百科给出的解释如下：翻译批评是指在一定的社会条件下、遵循一定的翻译原则、并运用一定的方法，对某一译作所作的评价。这种评价必须避免随意性和盲目性，杜绝胡批乱评和感想式的点评，应该在一定的理论指导下，历史地、客观地、全面地、系统地去观察和分析翻译过程和翻译结果，必须尽可能做到客观、科学和公正。从事翻译批评的人必须对翻译本身，对它的实质、可行性、原则、方法、目的、作用等基本问题有一个系统的认识。

For the definition of translation criticism, the encyclopedia interprets translation as follows: translation criticism refers to the evaluation of a translation under certain social conditions, following certain principles of translation and using certain methods. Such an assessment must avoid arbitrariness and blindness, eliminate critical and emotive comments, be guided by a certain theory, observe and analyse the translation process and its results in an historical, objective and systematic manner, and must be as objective, scientific and impartial as possible. Those who engage in translation criticism must have a systematic understanding of the translation itself, of its essential issues, such as its substance, feasibility, principles, methods, purpose and role.

翻译批评应包括两部分，即理论研究与实践研究，其实践部分就是以翻译理论及相关学科的理论与方法对译文进行鉴赏、评价、评论、比较等具体批评活动（吕俊等，2001：332）。翻译批评的类型多种，批评方式也不尽相同，有以原文作为参照和主要依据的科学主义批评；以译文赏析为主的印象主义批评；有理论评述性的学理式批评，等等（吕俊等，2001：345）。因此，到目前为止，翻译界还没有形成统一明确的批评标准。实践批评也还停留在点评式或感想式的评论上，没有形成系统与全面的批评方法（吕俊等，2001：332）。

Translation criticism should consist of two parts, namely, theoretical research and practical research, in which practice consists in specific criticisms of translation, evaluation, commentary, comparison, etc., based on the theory and methods of translation and related disciplines (Lu Jun et al. 2001:332). The type of criticism is varied and varies, with scientific criticism based on the original language as a reference and as a primary basis; emotional criticism based on translation appreciation; intellectual criticism of theoretical commentary, etc. (Lu Jun et al. 2001:345). So far, the translation community has not developed a uniform and clear standard of criticism.

3.问题研究

3. Research on issues

3.1描述性文本（Description）：Charles saw them both at the same time：a small white bird and the girl wheeling down the walk.The bird glided downward and rested in the grass；the girl directed the chair smoothly along the sunlit，shadowy1 walk.She stopped to watch the ducks on the pond and when she shoved2 the wheels again，Charles stood up.“May I push you?”he called，running across the grass to her.The white bird flew to the top of a tree.

3.1 Description: Charles saw them both at the same time: a small white bird and the girl hearing down the walk.

参考译文：查尔斯是在同一时刻看到他们俩的：一只白色的小鸟和坐着轮椅沿着小径悠然而来的小女孩。小鸟滑翔而下，栖息在草地上；女孩子则平稳地驾着轮椅，穿行在阳光下婆娑的树影之间。她停下来看了看池塘里的鸭子，当她再次用手推动轮椅时，查尔斯一下子站了起来。“我来推你好吗？”他一边喊道，一边穿过草地朝她奔去。那只小鸟嗖地飞上了树梢。

Reference: Charles saw them both at the same time: a white bird and a little girl who came along a small path in a wheelchair. The little bird glides down, sheltering on the grass; the girl traverses in a wheelchair and walks in the shadow of her mother in the sun. She stopped and looked at the duck in the pond, and Charles stood up when she pushed the wheelchair with her hands again. “I will push you?” He shouted, and ran towards her through the grass. The little bird flew up a tree.

谷歌翻译：查尔斯同时看见了他们两个：转动在步行下的一只小白色鸟和女孩鸟在草向下滑动了并且休息了，女孩沿被日光照射了的树影顺利地指挥了椅子步行。她停下来观看在池塘的鸭子，并且，当她用手推动再轮子，查尔斯站了起来。“愿我推挤您？他叫的”，跑横跨草到她。白色鸟在树的上面飞行。

Google translator: Charles saw them at the same time: a little white bird and a girl bird on foot were moving down the grass and resting, and the girl successfully directed the chair along the shadow of the sun. She stopped and watched the ducks in the pond and, when she pushed the wheels, Charles stood up. "May I squeeze you? He called you," ran across the grass to her. The white bird flew on top of the tree.

雅虎翻译：查尔斯同时看见了他们两个：转动在步行下的一只小白色鸟和女孩。鸟在草向下滑动了并且休息了；女孩沿被日光照射了，shadowy1顺利地指挥了椅子步行。她停下来观看在池塘的鸭子，并且，当她shoved2再轮子，查尔斯站了起来。“May我推挤您？他叫的”，跑横跨草到她。白色鸟在树的上面飞行

Yahoo translates: Charles saw two of them at the same time: a little white bird and a girl on foot. The bird went down and rested in the grass; the girl was shone by the sun, and Shawoy 1 successfully directed the chair. She stopped and watched the duck in the pond and, when she shoved 2 again, Charles stood up. "May I squeezed you? He screamed," ran across the grass to her. The white bird flew on top of the tree.

比较分析：描述性文字是我们日常行文中最为常见的文体，但是两种在线翻译工具在这类文体的翻译上都不尽如人意。原因在于描述性文本的英文在行文的语序方面和汉语差异较大。两种翻译文本的第一句都没有太大的问题。从第二句开始两种文本都将英文的“walk”翻译成了动词：步行。后面几句也翻译得惊人的相似，都属于逐字翻译，雅虎的在线翻译工具仍旧延续了它一贯的弊病：翻译文本中夹杂较多的英文单词。

Comparative analysis: Descriptive text is the most common type of text in our daily scripts, but neither of the two online translation tools is as satisfactory as the translation of this type of text. The reason is that the English version of descriptive text differs considerably from the Chinese language in the order of the language. The first sentence of both translations is not too problematic. From the second sentence, both texts have translated the word “walk” into the verb: walking. The latter sentences are strikingly similar, they are word-by-word translations, and Yahoo's online translation tool continues its long-standing vice: the translation of texts contains more numerous English words.

比较结果：两种文本都差强人意，单纯从英译汉的意义上来讲雅虎略微优于谷歌。

The comparison results: both texts are less than desirable, and Yahoo is slightly superior to Google in the simple sense of English translation.

3.2记叙性文本（Narration）：“Ai!This dish is not salty enough，no flavor，”she complained，after tasting a small bite.“It is too bad to eat.”This was our family’s cue to eat some and proclaim it the best she had ever made.But before we could be so diplomatic，Rich said，“You know，all it needs is a little soy sauce.”And he proceeded to pour a riverful of the salty black stuff on the china plate，right before my mother’s shocked eyes.（郑树棠，2008：71）

"It is too bad to eat." This was built to eat some and produce it the best she had ever made. But before we could be so diplomatic, Rich said, "You know, all it needs is a little small date.

参考译文：“唉，这个菜不够咸，没味道，”尝了一小口后，她抱怨道。“太难吃了。”这句话在我们家意味着让大家来尝一点，并且还要说这道菜是妈妈做得最好的一次。但是我们还没能来得及说一些这样圆滑得体的话，里奇就说：“呃，这菜只需要加一点点酱油。”接着他无视我母亲惊诧的眼光，把许多咸乎乎、黑溜溜的东西倒进了瓷盘里。（郑树棠，2008：81）

The reference translation: "Ah, this dish is not salty, it doesn't taste," and she complains after a little bite. "It's too bad." The phrase means that we're having a little taste at home, and it's also said that this dish is the best for our mother. But we haven't been able to say anything as smooth as that, and Richie says, "Well, it only needs a little sauce." And then, ignoring my mother's surprise, he pours a lot of salty, black-sliding things into the dishes.

谷歌翻译：“唉！这菜不咸不够，没有味道，”她抱怨，尝一小咬。“这太糟糕了吃。”这是我们家的吃了一些线索，并宣布它有史以来最好的她。但在我们能够这么外交，里奇说：“你知道，所有它需要的是一点酱油。”他接着倒了咸riverful对中国平板黑色的东西在我母亲的权利的震惊的眼睛。

Google translator: "Ah, this food is not salty enough, it doesn't taste," she complains, and has a bite. "It's too bad to eat." This is what our family ate and declared it the best she's ever had. But Rich said to us, "You know, all it needs is a little bit of soy sauce." He then pours a shocking eye on the blackness of China's flatboards in my mother's rights.

雅虎翻译：“Ai!足够不咸这个的盘，没有味道”，她在品尝小叮咬以后抱怨。“以至于不能吃是太坏的”。 这是我们的吃一些和宣告它的家庭的暗示她做了的最好。 但是，在我们可能是那么它需要的外交，富有说之前，“您知道，所有是少许酱油”。 并且他继续倾吐riverful在瓷板材的咸黑材料，在我的母亲的震惊眼睛之前。

Yahoo translates: "Ai! It's not salty enough for the plate, it's not smelly," and she complains after she's tasted a little bite. "So much as it's too bad to eat." This is the best hint that our family ate and declared that it did.

比较分析：本段文本共五句话，记叙了饭桌上有趣的一幕。第一句话，谷歌版的译文有两处语言错误，分别是“不咸不够”和“尝一小咬”；雅虎版的译文有三处语言错误，分别是“足够不咸”，“这个的盘”和“小叮咬”。第二句话，谷歌版的译文完全错误；雅虎版的译文也完全错误。第三句话，谷歌版的译文需要调整词的顺序并增加一些内容才能成为通顺的汉语；雅虎版的译文让人完全摸不着头脑。第四句话，谷歌版的译文有一处不太妥当――“在我们能够这么外交”；雅虎版的译文语言混乱，让人无法理解。第五句话，谷歌版的译文有三处错误，分别是：“咸riverful”，“中国平板”和“权利的”；雅虎版的译文有五处语言错误，分别是“并且”、“倾吐”、“riverful”、“板材”和“材料”。

Comparative analysis: The text of this paragraph contains five sentences, recording an interesting scene on the table. In the first sentence, Google has two language errors: “not salty enough” and “take a bite”; in the fourth sentence, Google has three language errors, “not salty enough”, “this plate” and “ting.” In the second sentence, Google has a completely wrong translation; Google has a completely wrong translation. In the third sentence, Google translation needs to adjust the order of words and add some content in order to become undivided Chinese. In the second sentence, Google translation is completely insensitive. In the fourth sentence, Google translation is not appropriate - “We can be so diplomatic”; it is confusing. In the fifth sentence, Google translation has three errors: “Saaryriverful”, “China Plain” and “Rights”; and in the second sentence, it has five language errors: “and”, “Treverful”, “Roverful”, “Slate” and “materials”.

比较结果：谷歌版的译文优于雅虎版的译文。

Results of comparison: The Google version of the translation is better than the Yahoo version.

3.3说明性文本（Exposition）：There are two primary ways that genes can be used to treat disease.The first is gene therapy，in which one or more genes are injected into the patient to replace those that are absent or not working properly.This approach has been used to treat rare enzyme disorders，including one known as ADA deficiency，and clinical trials have employed gene therapy against a broad range of disorders：heart disease，many forms of cancer，arthritis，AIDS，hemophilia，cystic fibrosis and muscular dystrophy.（谢小苑，2008：177）

3.3 narratives: There are two prime ways that people can be used to treat objects, in which one or more people are involved into the narratives that are available or not working further. This approach has been used to treat

参考译文：有两种可以利用基因治病的主要方法。第一种是基因疗法。这种方法是把一个或更多的基因注射进病人体内，从而替换那些缺失或不能正常发挥功能的基因。这种方法可以用来治疗少见的酶缺失病，包括我们所了解的ADA缺失症和临床试验中已应用基因疗法去攻克的范围广泛的各种疾病，如心脏病、多种类型的癌症、关节炎、艾滋病、血友病、膀胱壁纤维变性，以及肌营养不良。（谢小苑，2008：393）

Reference: The first is gene therapy. This method is to inject one or more genes into the patient, thereby replacing those that are missing or dysfunctional. This method can be used to treat rare enzymes, including a wide range of diseases that we know of, such as heart disease, multiple types of cancer, arthritis, AIDS, hemophilia, bladder wall fibrosis, and muscle malnutrition, for which genetic therapy has been applied in ADA deficiencies and clinical trials.

谷歌翻译：有两个基因可用于治疗疾病的主要途径。首先是基因治疗，其中一个或多个基因注射到病人体内，以取代那些不存在或无法正常工作。这种方法已被用于治疗罕见疾病的酶，包括ADA的缺陷称为一，雇用和临床试验对一个广泛的疾病基因治疗：心脏病，癌症，关节炎，爱滋病，血友病，囊性纤维化和肌多种形式营养不良。

Google Translation: There are two main ways in which genes can be used to treat disease. First, gene therapy, one or more of which is injected into the patient to replace those that do not exist or are unable to work. This approach has been used to treat the enzymes of rare diseases, including ADA defects, i. Employment and clinical trials for the genetic treatment of a wide range of diseases: heart disease, cancer, arthritis, AIDS, haemophilia, cystic fibrosis and muscle malnutrition in many forms.

雅虎翻译：有两种主要方式基因可以被用于对待疾病。 第一是基因治疗，在哪个或更多基因被注射入患者替换是缺席或不适当地工作的那些。 这种方法被用于对待罕见的酵素混乱，包括叫作ADA缺乏的一个，并且临床试验使用了基因治疗反对各种各样的混乱： 心脏病、癌症的许多形式，关节炎、艾滋病、血友病、囊性纤维化和肌肉萎缩症。

The first is genetic therapy, where the replacement of any or more genes with injected patients is absent or inappropriately working. This approach is used to deal with rare enzymes, including one called ADA deficiency, and clinical trials use genetic therapy to combat all kinds of disorders: heart disease, many forms of cancer, arthritis, AIDS, hemophilia, cystic fibrosis, and muscle atrophy.

比较分析：本段文本共三句话，介绍的是基因疗法。第一句话，谷歌版的译文基本正确；雅虎版的译文有一处语言错误――“对待”。第二句话，谷歌版的译文没有大问题，如能采用增词法和专业词汇就完美了；雅虎版的译文定语从句翻译得很糟糕。第三句话，谷歌版的译文和雅虎版的译文质量差不多，都没能译出专业术语“酶缺失病”和“ADA缺失症”，对于原文中“clinical trials have employed gene therapy against a broad range of disorders”这一部分的翻译，两个版本的译文都差强人意。

Comparative analysis: The text of this paragraph contains three sentences, describing gene therapy. The first sentence, the Google version, is almost correct; there is a linguistic error in the Yahoo version - “treatment”. The second sentence, the Google version, is not so problematic as to be perfect if it is accompanied by an intrascriptive method and a professional vocabulary; the Yahoo version is poorly translated. The third sentence, the Google and Yahoo versions are of similar quality and do not translate the professional terms “enzyme-deficiency” and “ADA-deficiency”, and the translation of both versions of the original part, “clinical formulas have employed gene texty against a wild range of users”, is less than satisfactory.

比较结果：无论是谷歌还是雅虎，翻译说明性文字的能力都明显好于其翻译描述性文本和继续行文本的能力，不过从对本段文本的翻译来看，谷歌翻译说明性文本的能力好于雅虎在线翻译工具。

Comparative results: Whether Google or Yahoo, the ability to translate descriptive text is clearly better than its ability to translate descriptive text and to continue working on text, but from the translation of this paragraph, Google translates descriptive text better than Yahoo's online translation tool.

3.4 论证性文本（Argumentation）：Some people think that firecrackers should not be banned because setting off firecrackers is a traditional way to celebrate happy occasions such as Spring Festival，wedding，or opening ceremony of a business.And the exciting sound will add to the happy and joyful atmosphere.What’s more，it is believed that setting off firecrackers will bring people good fortune in the coming year.（吴玮翔等，2001：74）

3.4 Argumentation: Some people think that firecrackers should not be brought because off firecrackers is a transitory way to celebrate such as Spring Festival, hearing, or hoping to communicate of a business.

参考译文：有些人认为不应该禁止放鞭炮，因为在春节，婚礼，或公司的开业典礼等喜庆场合放鞭炮是一种传统的庆祝方式。热闹的声音会增加幸福和喜悦的气氛。而且，人们相信放鞭炮会给来年带来好运。

Reference translation: Some people believe that firecrackers should not be banned because they are a traditional way of celebrating during spring festivals, weddings, or celebrations such as company openings. Rough voices increase the atmosphere of happiness and joy. And people believe that firecrackers will bring good luck for the coming year.

谷歌翻译：有些人认为不应该禁止放鞭炮，因为放鞭炮是传统的庆祝方式，例如春节，婚礼，或打开一个商业典礼喜庆场合。而令人兴奋的声音将增加的快乐和喜悦的气氛。更重要的是，它是认为，放鞭炮将在未来一年的人好运。

Google Translator: Some believe that firecrackers should not be banned, because firecrackers are traditional forms of celebration, such as spring festivals, weddings, or opening a business ceremony. And exciting voices will add an atmosphere of joy and joy. More importantly, they think that firecrackers will be a good luck for people in the coming year.

雅虎翻译：某些人民认为不应该取缔爆竹，因为引起爆竹是一个传统方式庆祝愉快的场合例如春节、婚礼或者事务的开幕式。并且扣人心弦的声音将增加到愉快和快乐的大气。什么是更多，被相信引起爆竹在来年将带来人们好运。

Yahoo Translation: Some people believe that fireworks should not be banned, because they are a traditional occasion to celebrate pleasures, such as spring festivals, weddings, or openings of events. And the sound of strangulation will grow into a happy and happy atmosphere. What is more, it is believed that the creation of fireworks will bring good luck to people in the coming year.

比较分析：本段文本共三句话，阐明了作者的观点――不应该禁止放鞭炮。第一句话，谷歌版的译文有一处语言错误，即“打开一个商业典礼”；雅虎版的译文有三处语言错误，分别是“某些人民”、“引起爆竹”和“事务的开幕式”。第二句话，谷歌版的译文基本正确，只需稍作调整；雅虎版的译文有两处不当，“扣人心弦的声音”和“大气”。第三句话，谷歌版的译文有两处错误，分别是“它是认为”和“的人好运”；雅虎版的译文有三处错误，分别是“什么是更多”、“被相信”和“引起爆竹”。

Comparative analysis: The text of this paragraph contains three sentences stating the author's view that firecrackers should not be banned. In the first sentence, there was one linguistic error in the Google version, namely, “opening a commercial ceremony”; in the Yahoo version, there were three errors in the language, “some people”, “incitement fire” and “opening of the business”. In the second sentence, the Google version is basically correct and only slightly adjusted; in the Yahoo version, there are two errors in the translation, “things that hold the heart” and “atmosphere”. In the third sentence, there were two errors in the translation of the Google version, “it is thought” and “good luck for the person”; in the Yahoo version, there were three errors in the translation, “what is more”, “be believed” and “incitement” respectively.

比较结果：谷歌版的译文比雅虎版的译文更为贴切、精准。

Comparative results: The Google version of the translation is more accurate and accurate than the Yahoo version.

4.结语

4. Concluding remarks

根据上述分析，我们可以得出如下结论：尽管在描述性文本的翻译上，雅虎版的译文略优于谷歌版的译文。但总体来看，使用谷歌在线翻译工具翻译出来的译文质量优于使用雅虎在线翻译工具翻译的译文。

On the basis of the above analysis, we can conclude that although the Yahoo version is slightly better translated than the Google version in the translation of descriptive text, overall, translation using Google Online translation is of better quality than translation using Yahoo Online translation.

但是，由于翻译批评没有统一的标准，笔者只是从语言的角度，主要以“忠实”“通顺”作为衡量译文好坏的标准，没有考虑文化、审美等其它因素。而且，文本的选择也不够全面，没有涉及诗歌、戏剧等其它类型。因此，比较分析的结果只能是参考性的。

However, since there are no uniform criteria for translation criticism, the author merely uses the term “honest” as a criterion for the quality of the translation and does not take into account other factors, such as culture and aesthetics. Moreover, the choice of texts is not comprehensive enough to cover other types of poetry, theatre, etc. The results of the comparative analysis are therefore merely indicative.

参考文献：

References:

［1］Austermuhl，Frank.译者的电子工具［M］.北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2006.

[1] Electronic tool for interpreters of Austermuhl, Frank. [M]. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2006.

［2］吕俊，侯向群.英汉翻译教程［M］.上海：上海外语教育出版社，2001.

[2] Lujun, H.E. Young-han Interpreter [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Language Education Press, 2001.

［3］吴玮翔，吴晓妹.大学英语四级考试高分作文精选［M］.北京：国家行政学院出版社，2001.

[3] Wu Xiaoshan, Wu Xiaoxiao Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao, with high grades in English Quote [M]. Beijing: National School of Administration Press, 2001.

［4］谢小苑.科技英语翻译技巧与实践［M］.北京：国防工业出版社，2008.

[4] Thanks Xiaojun. Technical English translation skills and practices [M]. Beijing: Defence Industries Press, 2008.

在线翻译范文第6篇

关键词：在线翻译 语义排歧 英译汉

Keywords: online translation synonyms English translator

1.机器翻译及其软件类型

1. Machine translation and type of software

机器翻译（Machine Translation，简称MT），就是利用机器（或计算机）翻译系统能把人类语言翻译的法则，转变成电脑运算的法则，将输入的原始语言（Source Language）翻译成所需的目标语言（Target Language）。目前，机器翻译软件大致可以分为四大类［2］：①词典类翻译软件；②汉化翻译软件；③以自动翻译为核心的专业翻译系统；④在线翻译网站。

Machine translation (Machine Translation, MT), which is the law that uses machine (or computer) translation systems to translate human language translation into computer algorithms, translates the original language entered (Source Language) into the desired target language (Target Language). Currently, machine translation software can be broadly divided into four main categories [2]: a dictionary translation software; a two-shaded translation software; an automated translation as a core professional translation system; and an online translation website.

2.机译中语义排歧的普遍方法

2. Universal method of semantic segregation in machine translation

无论哪一种机器翻译软件，语言歧义的排除是最大的难题，这已经成为机器翻译发展的瓶颈。如果词义排歧不能解决，机器翻译的质量就不可能有质的提高。目前机器翻译学者提出的排歧方法如下［1］：①选择最常见的涵义，这种方法简单易行，大多数翻译系统都有采用，但排歧效率非常低；②利用词类进行词义排歧，能有效地缩小词义选择范围，但是当两个义项属于同一词类时就无法排歧，不过可以配合其他方法一起使用；③基于选择限制词义排歧，是国内外研究得比较深入的排歧方法，例如普林斯顿大学开发的WordNet和中科院建立的HowNet都是根据此法的研究成果；④基于共现特征的词义排歧，根据共现词出现在目标词左右固定词距的窗口内，确定目标词的意思，这种方法不能因词而异，所以要结合利用词类进行词义排歧，并且要规定共现词出现的位置和结构，结合其他共现特征，这样才能尽量准确地排除歧义；⑤无指导的词义排歧，对大量语料进行计算统计，形成共现频率表，这种方法也称“向量内聚”，但要标注每个多义词在语料库的各个语境中的具体义项，否则大量干扰词会严重影响排歧效率；⑥基于词典的词义排歧，这种方法首先计算上下文中相邻词定义间的相似度，然后选择定义相似度较高的义项，主要缺点是计算机可读词典中每个词的定义通常太短，为排歧提供的信息不足。

No matter which machine translation software is used, the elimination of linguistic differences is the greatest challenge, which has become a bottleneck in the development of machine translation. If typographical differences cannot be resolved, the quality of machine translation cannot be qualitatively improved. The following methods of differentiation are proposed by machine translators: (1) choice of the most common meanings, which are simple and used by most translation systems, but very inefficient;2 use of typographical typologies, which effectively narrow the scope of typologies, but which can be used in conjunction with other methods when the two typologies are in the same category;3 use of typologies based on choice of typologies, which are more deeply developed at home and abroad, such as WordNetNet, developed by Princeton University, and the HowNet, established by the Central Institute, which are based on the results of studies of this method, but which are based on the synonyms of common typologies, so as to exclude as much as possible the tactical tweakity of different ts;

3.机译中英译汉排歧质量的比较

3. Comparison of the quality of Chinese and English translations of discrimination

华建［3］、谷歌［4］、雅虎宝贝鱼［5］、上海华译看世界［6］、金桥谷词［7］和译星［8］是比较受欢迎的在线翻译网站。以下针对不同的测试点参照不同的排歧方法对这六个翻译网站的英译汉排歧质量作个比较。为了保证尽量客观地评价各网站，以下范例均从《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》里选择，具有一定的代表性：每个范例至少有一个多义词，涉及名词、动词、形容词、介词、副词、不定代词和被动语态等测试点，其中更不乏语用的处理分析。虽然例子简单，却可以通过分析发现在线翻译网站在语义排歧上的主要问题。

In order to ensure that websites are evaluated as objectively as possible, the following examples are selected from the Oxford High Classic Dictionary and are somewhat representative: each example has at least one verb, verb, adjective, adjective, adjective, adjective, adjective, adjective and passive language test points, among which there is no shortage of analysis of the treatment of the six translated sites. While the example is simple, the following examples can be analysed to identify the main problem of semantics in the online translation of websites.

3.1在线翻译网站对不常用词义的排歧效果

3.1 Off-line translation of web sites for the exclusion of commonly used terms

以run为例，run一般作动词，作名词时常见义项为第一义项：act or period of running on foot，即：跑、跑步、奔跑、奔跑一段时间。但在a run of bad luck中的run取第五义项，意思是period or succession or spell，即时期或者一段时间，短语的涵义为a series of misfortunes，即一连串的不幸。六个在线翻译网站中，除了华建翻译为“一连串的坏运气”，译星为“一连串坏的运气”之外，谷歌和看世界翻译为“运行的坏运气”，雅虎为“不幸奔跑”，金桥更是误译为“一坏运气的跑步”。

In the case of run, for example, verbs are commonly used in nominative terms as the first word: act or period of running on foot, i.e. running, running, running for a period of time. But in a run of bad luck, Google and World Translator are “bad luck” and Yahoo are “bad luck” and the Golden Bridge is “bad luck” in six online translation sites.

再如minute的常见词性是名词，以第一义项“分钟、片刻”使用最频，而在句子“We read through the minutes of the last meeting.”中的minute取名词的第四义项，即brief summary or record of what is said and decided at a meeting， esp.of a society or committee――会议记录，一般以复数形式出现，所以句子意为“我们从头到尾把上次会议记录看了一遍”。从六个在线翻译网站的翻译结果来看，除了译星误译为“分钟”，华建、金桥和雅虎为“记录”或“纪录”，谷歌和看世界译为“纪要”。

The usual word for Minute is a noun, which is used most frequently in the first word “minutes, moments”, and in the sentence “We read through the minutes of the last meeting.” The sentence is meant to read “We read the records of the previous meeting from the beginning to the end.” From the six online translation sites, in addition to the translation of stars into “minutes”, the translation of China, Golden Bridge and Yahoo as “records” or “records”, and the translation of Google and the world as “records”.

对同类句例的英译汉查询结果分析得出：华建在对不常用词义的排歧选择上优于其他在线翻译网站，而译星和金桥在该类词义排歧上存在很大漏洞，所以有时译文很中肯，有时却荒唐得离谱。

An analysis of the English translator's results of the same sentence shows that Hua was better than other online translator sites in terms of exclusionary choice of terms, and that there were significant gaps in the classification of the translator and the Golden Bridge, so that sometimes the translations were relevant and sometimes absurd.

3.2在线翻译网站对不常用词性的排歧效果

3.2 Off-line translation of the web site's discriminatory effect on non-recurrent verbularity

Back常见的词性依次为名词、形容词、副词和动词，在动词第四义项中，back意为bet money on（a horse，greyhound，etc.），即下赌注于（赛马、赛狗等）。例如：The favorite horse was heavily backed.（那匹热门马被下了重注。/人们在那匹热门马上下了重注。）比照六大翻译网站的翻译结果，除了华建译为“下注”，谷歌、雅虎、译星均为“支持”，看世界为“后盾”，金桥为“使后退”，其中，谷歌和看世界的译义为名词，没有译出动词词性。

In the fourth verb, Back meant bet money on (a hose, greyhound, etc.), i.e. bet on (horse, dog racing, etc.). For example, The favorite horse was heavily reed. (The hot horse was heavily marked.) Compared to the translation of the six major translator sites, Google, Yahoo, translator were “support”, the world was “backed”, and the Golden Bridge was “backwarded”, in which Google and the translation of the world were not translated.

再举minute为例，该词一般作时间名词，由上述所说的第四义项引申出不常用的动词词条――make a note of（sth.）in an official memorandum； record（sth.）in the minutes，即将（某事）载入备忘录或会议记录。对以下句子Your suggestion will be minuted.（你的建议将记录在案。）众在线翻译网站对句中minute的处理如下：华建翻译为“你的建议将被记录”；谷歌、看世界、金桥直接在译文中保留英语单词minuted；雅虎经过排歧处理，得出“您的建议将是微小的”，误取了minute作为形容词的义项；译星仍误译为“分钟”。

By way of example, the term is generally a time term, and the verb referred to in the fourth entry above is derived from the following verb: make a note of (sth.) an unused verb - make a note of (sth.) an official memory; record (sth.) in the minutes, which is about to be included in a memorandum or meeting record. For the following sentence, your suggestion will be recorded. (Your suggestion will be recorded.) The online translation site treats Minute as follows: Chinese translation as “Your proposal will be recorded”; Google, viewing the world, and Golden Bridge keeping the English word Minuted directly in the translation; Yahoo has been treated in a discriminatory manner, and “Your proposal will be small” and mistranslated Minute as an adjective; the translator is still mistranslated as “minutes”.

再看这个例句：The detective studied the fingerprints in the minutest detail.此处的minute是形容词，意为very detailed； accurate or precise，即“极详细的、准确的、精确的”。整个句子意思是“那侦探仔仔细细地研究了各个指纹”。华建翻译为“侦探在微小的细节里研究手印”，minute的意思翻译得较为到位，也把介宾短语的状语作用显示了出来；谷歌和看世界在译文中保留minutest；译星依然不能摆脱minute的常见涵义“分钟”；雅虎则译为“探员学习了在详细的指纹”；金桥为“侦探学习最细微详细指纹”。虽然两个句子都翻译得很别扭，毕竟还能排除大量歧义最终选择“详细、细微”这类较接近的译文。

The entire sentence means “the detective studied the fingerprints carefully.” The Chinese translation is “the handprints of the detectives in micro-details”, the meaning of Minutes is more readily translated and the style of the guest phrases is shown; Google and the world keeps the phrases in translation; the translator is still unable to escape the usual meaning of Minute's “minutes”; Yahoo translates to “the detective has studied the fingerprints in detail”; and the Golden Bridge reads “the smallest and detailed fingerprints of the detectives”.

通过大量查询结果比对发现，在线翻译网站对不常用词性的排歧效果普遍不佳，一些翻译网站如谷歌和看世界，只能束手无策地将原单词保留在译文中，而其他在线翻译网站虽然经过排歧处理，却难免误入歧途，要么选择了错误的词性，要么词性对了，词义又错了。针对该问题的排歧建议为：如果多义词以被动语态出现，如be minuted/be backed，此时排歧过程中首先排除形容词和动词以外的其他词性；如果多义词以最高级形式出现，例如minutest，则毫无疑问排除形容词外的其他词性及其词义。应该建立根据词语结构，如后缀和句子结构选择正确的词性的排歧步骤。

As a result of a large number of queries, it has been found that online translation sites have generally had a negative effect on non-used verbs, and that some translation sites, such as Google and the world, have been unable to keep their original words in translation, while others, although they have been treated in a discriminatory manner, have been bound to go astray, either by opting for the wrong verb, or by the correct word, or by the wrong word. The proposed verb is that if multiple terms appear in passive form, such as beminuted/bebacked, at which time adjectives and verbs are first excluded; if multiple verbs appear in the most advanced form, such as Minutest, there is no doubt that other verbs and their verbs should be excluded.

3.3在线翻译网站对介词的排歧效果

3.3 Differing effect of online translation of websites on terms

在短语travel by ferry“乘渡船”中，by是介词，在牛津词典关于by作为介词的词条里第九义项为indicating a means of transport or a route taken，表示运输或取道的方式，如travel by boat / plane/air/land/sea，即：乘船/乘飞机/航空/陆路/航海旅行。查询六大在线翻译网站后得出：华建翻译为“乘渡船”，雅虎为“旅行乘轮渡”（顺序颠倒），谷歌和看世界翻译为偏正结构的名词词组“旅行的渡轮”，金桥则取by作为介词的第三义项past sbhttps://www.wenmi.com/zaixianfanyi/sth.（经过某人/某物），翻译为“经过渡口移动”，译星译为“通过渡轮的旅行”，将by理解为第六义项的through the means of （sth/doing sth）“通过（某事物/做某事）的方式”。除了华建和雅虎，其他网站对介词by的排歧出现了很大的偏差，尤其是谷歌、看世界和金桥。

In the phrase travel by ferries, by-line/land/sea. After searching the six major online translation sites, the ninth entry in the Oxford dictionary's term by-word is "riding a means of transit or a route taken, which means transportation or access, such as shipping by boat/plane/air/land/sea, i.e. ship/air/land/navigate travel. The six online translation sites are: Chinese translation by ferry, Yahoo by-road (inverted order), Google and world translation by way of a generic group of rectangular "Travel ferrys" and Golden Bridge by way of the third terminus "past sb https://www.wenmi.com/zaixfanfanyi/sth. (via someone/sub-matter), translated by Yahoo as "Travel by-Traves" and translated by starboard, understood as "traveling by-ships" and other means of the 6th by by-ship, the 4th-th-th-th-th-th-high, and-th-th-th-high (other, and-th-th-th-high, and-th-th-high-high-high-high-high.

我们再回到句子“We read through the minutes of the last meeting.”观察介词through的排歧效果。对于read through，华建和金桥翻译为“读完”，谷歌和看世界为“读通过”，雅虎为“通过……读了”，译星为“通过……阅读”。read through有“通读”的意思，但针对会议纪要，最好翻译为“从头到尾地看了一遍”。华建和金桥译文最接近原意。through在介词词条的第二义项为from the beginning to the end of（sth.）从（某事）的开始至结束、自始至终、从头到尾，如：I’m half-way through （reading）his second novel.（他写的第二本小说我正看了一半儿。）而翻译为“通过”的各网站把through理解为第五义项past（a barrier），即通过（障碍），因为这个义项是through最常见的涵义。产生较大误差的译文是由于选择过程中没有结合共现词read排歧，而单纯地以常见意义取代。

We go back to the sentence “We read through the minutes of the last meeting.” For read through, Chinese construction and the Golden Bridge translates into “read through”, Google and the world read through, Yahoo translates from “read through” and from “read through” and from “read through” read through. Read through through, but best translates into “read through” the minutes of the proceedings. The Chinese construction and golden bridge translations are closest to the original.

其实要正确抓住介词意思也不无可能。鲁孝贤在《机器翻译语义排歧的方法》里举with为例，说明了基于词典的词义排歧。根据该介词于上下文相邻词定义间的相似度选择相似度较高的义项，准确率就会比较高，如by之后是交通工具时取“乘坐”之意。至于该法由于计算机可读词典中每个词的定义通常太短，无法为词义排歧提供足够的信息资源这一主要缺点，可以辅以“基于共现特征的词义排歧方法”，如read through翻译为“通读”或“从头至尾看过”。

Indeed, it is not impossible to catch the word correctly. Lu Xiaohyan, in his "Methods for machine-translation of synonyms", cited as an example the dictionaries based on dictionary dictions. Selecting the more similar formulas based on the similarities between the definitions of adjoining words in the context, would result in a higher rate of accuracy, such as the word "in" when followed by a vehicle. As for the law, since the definition of each word in a computer-readable dictionary is usually too short to provide sufficient information resources for synonyms, the main drawback could be supplemented by a “synonymized approach based on common features”, such as the translation of the term “read through” or “seen from the beginning to the end”.

3.4在线翻译网站对语用分析处理的对比

3.4 Comparison of language analysis of online translation sites

以drive a nail home为例，牛津双解言及drive作为动词的第一词条中第二义项为take（sb）somewhere in a car，taxi，etc.（用汽车、计程车等送（某人）至某处），因此drive sb.home可为“开车送某人回家”。在第九词条（习语）中又有drive sth.home（to sb.）――make sb.realize sth.，esp by saying it often，loudly， angrily，etc.使某人充分认识或理解某事物（尤指经常地、大声地、愤怒地说），例如：I drove home to him that he must be here by ten.（我跟他说得清清楚楚：他必须十点钟以前到这里）。再看看在线翻译网络对drive a nail home的翻译结果：华建使用第一义项，翻译为“开车送一根钉子回家”；金桥用了习语的涵义――把一个钉子彻底讲清楚。这两种译文虽然不对，至少选择了基于共现特征的词义排歧，只不过没有考虑到nail的语用范畴。不似雅虎翻译为“驾驶钉子家”。

In the case of a drive a nail home, the second entry in the verb of Oxford's double speech and drive is to take (sb)somehere in a car, taxi, etc. (a car, taxi, etc.) and therefore drive sb.home can “drive someone home.” In the ninth phrase (sic) there is also a drive sex.home (to sb.) - make sb.realize sth., esp by saying it at ten, Loudly, angrily, etc. to give a person a full understanding or understanding of something (especially often, loudly and angryly), such as I dove home to him that he must be here. (I told him clearly: he must be here by ten o'clock).

drive作为动词的第五词条第一义项为force（sth.）to go in a specified direction or into a specified position迫使（某物）移动或进入某位置；打；敲；击；戳；钉。如：drive a nail into wood（把钉子钉入木中）；drive a stake into the ground（把桩打进地里）。drive a nail home应该使用这一定义，即“钉钉子”。home在该短语中肯定为副词，其作为副词在第二词条的释义为to the point aimed at/as far as possible，即“正中目标”或者“尽可能地”。应对这类包含三个或三个以上多义词并涉及语用的语料，应先抓住重点分层剥落各种干扰项。仍以drive a nail home为例。建议排歧步骤为：

The fifth verb, the verb, is meant as force (sth.) to go in a specific direction or into a specific position to compel (a) to move or enter a location; to strike; to strike; to poke; to nail. e.g., to drive a nail into wood; to drive a stick into the ground; to drive a stake into the ground; to drive a nail home should use this definition, i.e., to nail a target or position; to strike; to strike; to strike; to strike; to punch; to nail; to nail; to nail.

（1）搜索固定搭配。一般先从习语入手，排除“把一个钉子彻底讲清楚”的译文，因为drive sth. home（to sb.）中的sth.只能是viewpoint/matter/reason等表示观点、事实和原因的名词或者以 that/what引导的从句。

(i) Search for a fixed combination. A translation of the phrase “dive sth. home (to sb.)” is generally excluded, since the sth. can only be a reference to views, facts and reasons such as viewpoint/matter/reason, or a sentence that is guided by that/what.

（2）从基于共现特征的drive...home（开车送……回家/驱使……回家）入手，排除非生物名词作为该词组宾语的可能性。

(2) The possibility of the abiotic noun being used as a guest for the phrase is excluded by starting with the common feature drive...home (driving... home/motivating... home).

（3）使用基于词典的词义排歧方法。drive和home都可以是电脑用语，位置相邻，定义间有相似之处，表示“驱动”和“首页/主页”，这就是为什么谷歌和看世界把该短语翻译为“驱动指甲主页”和“驱动器指甲首页”的原因。但是nail无论作为“钉子”或“指甲”，仍然不可适用这一释义。况且之前有限定词a，而nail的首字母亦非大写，不可能是某特定网站名称。所以再排除“驱动……首页/主页”的释义。

(3) Use dictionaries based on dictionaries. Drive and home can be computer-based terms, location adjacent, definitions similar to each other, indicating “drivers” and “headline/header pages”, which is why Google and the world translates the phrase into “drive fingernails” and “drive fingernails headlines”. But nail, whether as a “nail” or “nail” is still not applicable. Moreover, the qualifier a, and the initial letter of nail is not capitalised and cannot be a particular website name. So the term “drives the first/headline pages” is excluded.

（4）再次使用基于词典的词义排歧方法，这次根据drive与nail的相似度，找出drive作为“钉”的涵义和nail作为“钉子”的义项重新组合。

(4) Once again, the dictionary-based dictionaries have been used, and this time, on the basis of the similarity of Drive and Nail, the meaning of Drive as a nail has been recombined with the meaning of nail as a nail.

（5）选择home用以表示程度的涵义as far as possible，译为“到头儿/到底”，则drive a nail home释义了然。

(5) The meaning used by the choice of home as far as possible is interpreted as “up to the top/to the bottom”, which is interpreted as “dive a nail home”.

回顾六个在线翻译网站的译文，金桥在第一步骤停止排歧，华建和译星在第二步骤停止排歧，谷歌和看世界止于第三步骤，而雅虎只选择基本义拼凑出译文，最不符合智能翻译的要求。当然，我们也不排除谷歌和看世界不使用排歧方法、将drive和home在当今网络信息时代最常用的意义设为基本义、直接取用的可能性，因为译文中的nail不作“钉子”而仅作“指甲”解释并非排歧结果，查询谷歌和看世界的在线词典即可知道，nail只有一个义项――指甲，所以drive和home无可选择地被翻译为“驱动”和“主页”也可能不是智能化的结果了。

Reviewing the translation of six online translation sites, the first step by the Golden Bridge, the second step by the Chinese Construction and Translation Star, the second step by the Chinese People's Republic of China, the second step by Google and the world by the end of the third step, and the fact that Yahoo has chosen only basic spellings to make translations, which are the least compatible with the requirements of intelligent translation. Of course, we also do not rule out the possibility that Google and watching the world do not use discriminatory methods, that the most commonly used meanings of Drive and Home in today's Internet information age are made basic and directly accessible, because it is not the result of bias to interpret nail instead of nails, and that searching Google and the online dictionary of viewing the world would make it clear that there is only one word - fingernails, so it is possible that niil and home could be translated unselectively as “drivers” and “principal pages” that are not the result of intellectualization.

4.总结

4. Summary

机器翻译是当代科技十大难题之一，而语义排歧又是机器翻译中的重中之重、难中之难。每个多义词的词义变化规律各不相同，所以研究语义排歧只能从单词入手、因词而异地研究，不但要研究排歧方法和顺序，而且还要考虑到语用范畴，因此研究者必须充分运用缜密的逻辑思维和大量的时间、人力与精力，要让机器智能化，只能让人先机器化。尽管困难如此，现在的CAT（Computer Aided Translation，计算机辅助翻译）已经可以运用翻译记忆技术（Translation Memory Technology）在翻译的同时建立语言数据库，智能化地利用自动记忆和搜索机制。国内的雅信和文婕就是两款比较成熟的CAT软件。而本文所对比的六个在线翻译网站中的中科院华建也正从事CAT软件开发，所以较之其他在线翻译网站的水平为高。对比之下，其他五个翻译网站也有其可圈可点之处，但却时常出现词义不足、排歧方法不成熟和句子结构处理手法滞涩等问题，虽说免费在线翻译网站属于大众化的便捷使用工具，但也要多多引入权威词典的义项和例句，继续改进排歧方法，建立记忆库和搜索机制，让使用者有更多的选择决定自己需要的译文，这样才能避免众多的误导和错译。

Machine translation is one of the ten major challenges of contemporary technology, and semanticism is one of the most important and difficult challenges in machine translation. Despite these difficulties, the current CAT (Computer Aid Translation, Computer-assisted Translation) has been able to use translation memory technology (Translation Memory Technology) to create language databases while translating, not only to use automatic memory and search mechanisms, but also to take into account the scope of language. So, the researcher has to fully apply sophisticated logic and a great deal of time, manpower and energy.

参考文献：

References:

［1］鲁孝贤.机器翻译语义排歧的方法［J］.中国科技翻译，2007，（4）.

[1] Lu Xiaohyun. Methods of cleavage for machine translation [J]. Chinese technical translation, 2007, (4).

［2］樊军.人、机器和翻译CAT神话中的雅信与文婕［J］.宜宾学院学报，2006，（5）.

[2] Man, machine and translator of Yashin and Man of the CAT myth [J]. Journal of the Eibin College, 2006, (5).

［3］华建.http：//www.省略/.

[3] Hua Jian. http://www.drawn/.

［4］谷歌.http：//www.省略/language_tools?hl=zh-CN.

[4] Google. http://www.excuse/language_tools?hl=zh-CN.

［5］雅虎.省略.省略/translate_txt.

[5] Yahoo... omitted... omitted/translate_txt.

［6］华译.http：//www.省略/.

[6] Translation. http://www.drawn/.

［7］金桥.省略/.

[7] Golden Bridge... omitted/...

在线翻译范文第7篇

第一回合：界面比拼

Round one: interface matching

从在线翻译网页的界面上，我们可以看到翻译功能的多少、是否符合大家的使用习惯，界面是否美观也直接影响到用户的心情，我们来看看。(如图1-3)

From the interface of the online translation pages, we can see how much of the translation function is consistent with your usage habits and whether the beauty of the interface directly affects the user’s mood.

从界面上看，雅虎界面更为美观，相应的功能显得比较丰富。而相比之下，微软和谷歌的在线翻译相对简陋，特别是谷歌的在线翻译，只是谷歌语言工具中的一个小条目。而从翻译的语种上看，微软和雅虎比较多，而谷歌支持的语种相对较少，而且目前还一直写着测试版的字样。此外，三种工具都支持文本翻译和网页翻译，但是翻译文字的字数限制不同：微软最多500字，而雅虎建议控制在150词以内，谷歌没有明确的说明。三款工具中，只有雅虎明确提供了单独的“复制译文”功能，显得更加体贴。显然，在界面和功能设置上，雅虎更胜一筹。

In contrast, Microsoft and Google online translations are relatively poor, especially Google online translations, which are only a small entry in Google language tools. In terms of languages translated, Microsoft and Yahoo are more numerous, while Google supports relatively few languages and still has test versions. Moreover, all three tools support text translation and web-page translation, but the number of words translated is different: Microsoft up to 500 words, while Yahoo proposes to keep it within 150 words, and Google does not have a clear description. Of the three tools, only Yahoo explicitly provides a separate “copy translation” function, which appears to be more thoughtful.

第二回合：单词和短语的翻译

Round 2: Translation of words and phrases

在基本单词的翻译中，三款工具都能正确翻译。但是微软的翻译速度不敢恭维，一个简单的词汇，需要考验你极度的耐心。看来测试版问题不少。我们再来看看常用短语的对比测试：我们以Reduced Speed Now（减速行驶）、 Handle with Care（小心轻放）为例进行测试。其中Reduced Speed Now在微软、谷歌、雅虎的翻译结果分别是：“减少的速度现在”、“降低速度，现在”、“被减少的速度现在”；而Handle with Care的翻译结果分别是：“小心把柄”、“小心处理”、“处理以关心 ”。笔者还选取了其他一些短语测试，测试结果总的来说，谷歌感觉比较符合国人的习惯；在短语和俗语、习语的测试中，有的翻译结果五花八门，看来，在线翻译的质量整体都有待提高，需要大幅度地提升才能让用户真正“敢”用、易用！(如图4-6)

Three tools can be correctly translated in the translation of basic words. But Microsoft's speed of translation, a simple word, needs to test your extreme patience. There are a lot of questions about the test version. We look at the comparison test of the usual phrases: Reduced Speed Now, Handle with Care, as an example. In Microsoft, Google, Yahoo, respectively, the results of the translation are: “Reducing Speed Now”, “Reducing Speed Now”, “Reducing Speed Now”, “Treating Now”; and Handle Care, respectively, the results of the translation are: “Careful Hand”, “Treatting”, “Treatting Care.” I have also selected a number of other phrases, the results of which, in general, are more consistent with the country's habits; in the typologies and proverbs, some of the translation results have been varied, and it seems that the quality of the online translation has to be improved as a whole and needs to be significantly improved in order for users to be truly “touch and easy to use!” (for example, figure 4-6)

第三回合：段落和网站翻译

Round three: paragraphs and website translations

前面我们看了单词和短语的翻译，对三款翻译工具有了初步的印象。现在看看段落翻译的情况：我们选择了两段通常的英语阅读文章，难度不大，三款翻译工具翻译结果也是参差不齐。从段落的翻译结果看，微软和谷歌在这一环节上要优于雅虎，雅虎的翻译结果中明显还夹带一些英文单词，与谷歌和微软有些差距。(如图7-9)

Before we saw the translation of words and phrases, we had an initial impression of the three translation tools. Now look at the translation of the paragraphs: it's not too difficult for us to select two normal English-language readings, and the translation of the three translation tools is uneven. From the translation of the paragraphs, Microsoft and Google are superior to Yahoo in this connection, and it is clear that Yahoo's translation contains some English words that are somewhat different from Google and Microsoft. (Figures 7-9)

当然，三款工具都提供了网站翻译的功能，我们也来测试一下。首先我们以中文网站翻译成英文网站为例，我们以.cn/china/为例进行测试，三款工具都能正常翻译，其中微软翻译显得杂乱无章，完全没有办法看；谷歌翻译相对比较完善，虽然也有很多“直译”的断章取义的问题，但是至少全部翻译为了英文；而雅虎翻译中夹带不少中文。 (如图10-12)

Of course, all three of the tools provide web-translation functions, and we will test them. First, we use the Chinese site for translation into English, and then we test the.cn/china/ for example. Three of the tools can be translated properly, with Microsoft translation appearing to be messy and completely unreadable; Google translation is relatively well developed, although there are many “direct translation” descriptors, but at least all translated for English; and Yahoo has a lot of Chinese in it. (Figures 10-12)

我们还对英文网站翻译成中文进行了测试，以/为例，微软翻译、谷歌翻译和雅虎翻译都存在不同程度的问题。从以下几个图中的搜索结果看，虽然都不够准确，但谷歌相比雅虎，翻译得相对准确一些。雅虎翻译按照单个单词翻译的地方实在太多了，组合在一起，让人不知所云。 (如图13-15)

We have also tested the translation of the English site into Chinese, where, for example, Microsoft, Google and Yahoo have different levels of problems. From the search results in the following graphs, Google is relatively accurate compared to Yahoo.

在线翻译范文第8篇

2008年5月8日，金山软件董事长求伯君与谷歌大中华区总裁李开复在京宣布战略合作，联合推出免费的《谷歌金山词霸合作版》(下称“谷歌金山词霸”这是双方集最广泛使用人群，整合互联网时效、海量特性和领先机器翻译技术以实现资源深度共享的一项重要合作，金山词霸12年的收费模式也因此被打破。

On 8 May 2008, the Chairman of the Gold Mountain Software Board asked Uncle-goon to work with Google Grand China's President, Li Kai-King, to announce a strategy in Kyoto to jointly launch the free Google Mountain Thesaurus Partnership (hereinafter referred to as Google Gold Hills), the most widely used group of people, and to integrate Internet timeliness, sea quality and leading machine translation techniques in order to achieve deep sharing of resources, as well as to break down the 12-year-old Golden Hills fee-paying model.

金山词霸总经理黎万强向《IT时代周刊》介绍，新产品将提供1400万词条、80万例句、30万真人语音，并将金山旗下英语学习社区――爱词霸网做后盾，实现对最新语汇、俚语的更好支持及全文翻译。此外，新词霸还在传统桌面翻译基础上嵌入谷歌在线翻译，以20多兆“轻客户端”，形式占领更多PC用户的桌面。

In addition, the new product will provide 14 million words, 800,000 sentences, 300,000 real voices, and backstop the English-language learning community under the Golden Hill flag, the Entitled Network, to achieve better support for the latest language, and full text translations. In addition, it will embed Google online translations on the basis of traditional desktop translations, taking over more than 20 megagrams of “light client” desktops from more PC users.

对于此次合作，求伯君认为“它标志着金山词霸完全转型，完成产品向全面互联网的转变，是金山迈向互联网的最后一步”，而李开复也给出调门较高的好评――“这是谷歌全球第一个联合品牌，合作是一个软件企业的互联网化和一个跨国公司本土化的重要里程碑，将对中国搜索引擎行业格局带来深刻影响”。

With regard to this cooperation, the Royal Government considers that “it marks the complete transformation of the Golden Hills typists to complete the transformation of their products to the full Internet and is the last step towards the Internet” and that Li Kaiqing has given high-profile comments - “This is Google's first global joint brand, cooperation is an important milestone in the Internetization of a software enterprise and the localization of a multinational corporation, which will have a profound impact on the pattern of the search engine industry in China”.

然而，就在金山与谷歌共同合作版词霸的前一天。网易突然耐人寻味地抢先推出可在邮箱中直接使用“有道海量词典”便捷强大的中英文互译功能，并强调自己已有超过2亿的邮箱注册用户。分析人士据此认为，网易不仅是在用行动表达对旗下业务的强力支持，更是对火药味渐浓的词典软件市场的一次快速回应。

However, just one day before Golden Mountain worked with Google’s dictionaries, the Internet suddenly pre-empted a powerful Chinese-English translation that can be used directly in mailboxes, emphasizing that it already has more than 200 million registered users. Analysts thus argue that the Internet is a quick response not only to action as an expression of strong support for operations under the flag, but also to a market for gunpowder-smelling dictionaries.

对照2007年各搜索引擎厂商在“输入法”上的恶战先例，“网络词典”成为下一场桌面软件争夺的焦点在所难免!

The Web Dictionary has become the focus of the next competition for desktop software against the 2007 odious war precedent of search engine manufacturers on "input method"!

结盟有因

The reasons for the alliance

对谷歌和金山而言，这次合作带来的好处显而易见。

The benefits of this collaboration are evident for Google and Golden Mountain.

谷歌方面，新词霸让它的机器翻译技术首次落地中国，尤其是金山词霸不容忽视的3000万付费用户也为它创造了新的发展机遇。李开复表示：“谷歌对自己的技术非常自豪，但好技术要找到用户才有价值，很高兴能把谷歌的技术提供给金山词霸的用户群。”

Google, for its first time, has created new development opportunities for its machine-translation technology in China, especially for its 30 million payers, who can't be ignored by the Golden Mountain word. Li has said, “Google is very proud of his technology, but good technology is worth finding its users, and it's good to be able to make Google technology available to the Golden Hills.”

对此，正望咨询首席分析师吕伯望也认为，汉英互译已是搜索市场最重要的增值业务之一。但自去年以来，虽然谷歌流量增长很快，其用户量依然只是百度的三分之一左右，借助金山的既有资源，谷歌有望进一步提高自己在中国搜索市场的竞争力。

In response, the chief consulting analyst, Lu Xin, agreed that Han Ying's translation is one of the most important value-added operations in searching the market. But since last year, although Google traffic has grown rapidly, its users have remained at about one-third of 100%, and Google is expected to further enhance its competitiveness in searching the market in China, drawing on the resources already available in Phnom Penh.

反观金山，它也在一步步地推进自己的“互联网”转型路线。今年3月27日，金山毒霸与百度联合布局网络安全领域，为国内2亿网民提供安全服务；5月5日，金山投入1000万元与炼金工作室共同开发网络游戏。同月7日。它透露将斥资上百万元来提升WPS与微软文档的兼容性。金山高层坦承，互联网产业的发展促成了金山“娱乐”和“应用”软件双引擎的互联网发展模式，它将加大与互联网内容供应商、运营商在广告及分销方面的合作力度，全面提升金山的知名度。

On March 27, this year, the Golden Mountain drug lords joined the 100-degree network security field to provide safe services to 200 million people in the country; on May 5, the Golden Hills invested $10 million in a network game with the alchemistry studio. On the same day, it revealed that millions of dollars would be spent to improve the compatibility of WPS with Microsoft documents. Highly, the development of the Internet industry has contributed to the Internet development model of the Golden Mountain “recreation” and “application” software dual-engine, which will increase cooperation with Internet content providers and operators in advertising and distribution, and raise the visibility of Golden Mountain in a comprehensive manner.

然而，市场分析人士却认为，与金山的合作只是谷歌本地化战略的一种尝试。目前，诸多网站的争相参与让搜索市场水涨船高，尽管谷歌的市值如日中天，但搜索引擎本身并无血肉，只有框架，在华饱受诟病的谷歌不得不放低身价，寻找可以补充的新鲜血液。 调查资料显示，2008年第一季度，中国网络广告市场规模大约为21,11亿元，份额位列前三的百度、新浪和搜狐依然呈上升发展趋势。与此同时，2007年，全球翻译市场年产值已从2004年的130亿美元(亚太地区占30％)发展到400多亿美元。其中，仅将网页上的外语译成本国语言一项就有17亿美元。虽然目前“谷歌金山词霸”里还没有出现谷歌的广告，但根据以往谷歌与其他厂商的合作规律，这只是时间上的问题。

However, market analysts argue that cooperation with Google Hill is only an attempt to localize the market. At present, many websites are involved in the search for the market, although Google’s market value is as high as mid-day, the search engine itself has no flesh and blood.

意有所指

It means something.

从单一的网页搜索到多分类的综合搜索平台，如今的搜索引擎已经倾向于将互联网桌面化。以百度为例，已经细分到几十个搜索分类，而且还在搜索平台上提供了安全和互动娱乐平台。可见综合搜索平台竞争的关键是抓住用户的兴趣及使用习惯，提高其黏性。

From a single web search to a multi-classified comprehensive search platform, the current search engine has tended to desktopize the Internet. For example, it has been broken down into dozens of search classifications and provides a secure and interactive entertainment platform on the search platform.

“显然，超过3000万的金山收费用户是一个重要筹码。”吕伯望认为，谷歌金山词霸推出之后，有些谷歌和百度都在使用或使用百度多一些的用户可能会发生转换。同时，它也是谷歌对抗网易有道、搜狐搜狗等其他提供词典或在线翻译功能搜索引擎厂商的一项重要资源。

“It is clear that more than 30 million gold mountain bill users are an important chip. Lubberborough believes that some Google and 100 degrees may be using or using more than 100 degrees of users after Google Gold Mountain is launched. At the same time, it is an important resource for other providers of dictionaries or online translation search engines, such as Google Counter-Net, search dogs.

以有道词典为例，网易CEO丁磊曾表示：-“虽然中文搜索的水准还不理想，但与电子邮箱‘嫁接’的有道词典。是网易走中文搜索差异化服务路线的一个开始。”目前，虽然仅4个多月，有道桌面词典注册用户数就已经突破了400万。不过，这个数字在金山词霸3000万用户数的基础上，业内普遍认为，谷歌金山词霸注册用户数的增长前景将更为迅速。其不仅压制了产品上的竞争对手网易，也对互联网搜索的最大竞争者百度构成了服务上的又一有力阻击。

In the case of an example of a dictionary, the Web-based CEO-Dine used to say: “The Chinese search is not ideal, but it has a dictionary with e-mail ‘marrying’. It is the beginning of a web-friendly search for different service lines in Chinese.” Currently, although in more than four months, the number of registered users of a desktop dictionary has broken out by 4 million.

据悉，百度的全球市场份额比起谷歌来，还少得可怜，仅在中国市场上较为领先。但在翻译服务方面，百度并不具优势。于是，在同金山的合作中出现了百度和谷歌的赛跑，而跑在前面的还是谷歌。

It is known that 100 degrees of global market share is less than Google, and is more advanced in the Chinese market alone. But 100 degrees have no advantage in translation services.

再看金山词霸，坚持了12年的收费模式后，终于可以通过“用户在翻译搜索中带来的广告”创造一项新的互联网价值。另一方面，求伯君在接受采访时的一句“金山词霸孕育多年的商业模式终于要遍地开花了”，明显道出了金山对此次合作是醉翁之意不在酒，有分析师认为，“遍地开花”暗喻着金山词霸的盈利点将不止依赖于谷歌广告，而庞大的海外翻译软件市场以及新兴的国外学习中文热潮的涌现都会成为金山词霸巨大的聚宝盆，除此之外，金山良好的政府及大中型上市企业的正版采购、早已再次称霸手机翻译软件领域的绝对市场地位都会给金山带来滚滚财源。

After looking at the Golden Hill typists, who have maintained the 12-year fee pattern, it is possible to create a new Internet value by “advertisements brought by users in translation searches.” On the other hand, the phrase “the business model of the Golden Hill typologies that has been in existence for many years” in the context of his interview clearly suggests that the Golden Hills partnership is intoxicated and that analysts believe that the profits of the Golden Mountain typists are more than dependent on Google advertising, and that the huge overseas translation software market and the emergence of an emerging Chinese-learning boom will become a huge collection of gold typologies, in addition to which gold typists and large- and medium-sized enterprises will have an absolute market position in the field of mobile phone translation software, which they once again claim to be a source of wealth.

尚存疑问

Questions remain.

与金山相类似，金蝶、用友等企业级软件提供商近来也加快了进军互联网的步伐，包括软件在线销售、在线维护、在线定制等种种基于互联网的软件业务。据IDC数据显示，2009年全球软件在线服务市场产业将达到1009亿美元的规模，并在未来三年保持21％以上的年均复合增长率。这种迹象表明，软件业与互联网大融合的趋势难以逆转，互联网将成为未来软件企业发展的重要“舞台”。而业内专家也指出，软件产品通过网络使用将更便捷，成本更低，而软件网络化发展前景较传统软件模式更为乐观。

Similarly to Kimsan, business-level software providers such as Golden Fluttershy and Friends have recently accelerated the advance of Internet-based software, including online sales of software, online maintenance, and online customization. According to IDC data, the global software online service market industry will reach $10.9 billion in 2009 and maintain an average annual compound growth rate of more than 21 per cent over the next three years. This suggests that the trend towards greater integration of software with the Internet is difficult to reverse, and that the Internet will become an important “stage” for future software enterprise development.

但市场分析人士指出，尽管谷歌高层一再强调“翻译在谷歌的‘用中文搜索世界’目标中非常重要，新词霸作为一款战略产品，它也有搜索的特点，是积聚用户的第一步”，但在这次与金山的合作中，谷歌方面只投入了一个10人的小团队，坊间还盛传双方中途合作不下去的情况。“谁也不能保证，这种情况将来不会出现。”

However, market analysts have pointed out that, despite Google's high-level emphasis on “translation is very important in Google's goal of “searching the world in Chinese” as a strategic product, and it also features as a first step in building up users”, Google was involved in a small team of only 10 people in this collaboration with KIMshan, and there is also a lot of talk about the lack of cooperation between the two sides. “No one can guarantee that this will not happen in the future.”

在线翻译范文第9篇

关键词： 电子词典 在线翻译 英语学习

Keywords: E-dictionary Online translation for English learning

引言

Introduction

20世纪人类最伟大的发明之一就是计算机，随着1946世界第一台计算机的问世，社会各方面都发生了巨大的变化，计算机推动了社会的进步，推进了科学的发展。“利用计算机进行翻译这个思想美国人W.Weaver和英国人A.D.Booth早在1946年就提出来了，1954年美国乔治顿大学进行了第一次机器翻译试验，向公众证实了机器翻译是可行的，这是计算机最早的非数值处理方面运用”［1］。但是早期的机器翻译因为局限于计算机自身硬件水平和当时语言学流派的影响，并没有取得较多的成果。以前不少语言学家认为语义学不应该是语言的一个分支，他们只关心语言的形成，而把语义的研究推给哲学家。计算语言学的运用把语义研究提上语言学研究的新高度，对词汇学产生了巨大的影响，计算语言学成果也给语言学习带来了巨大变化。本文主要从电子词典，以及在线翻译的运用来说明计算语言学在英语教学中的作用。

One of the greatest inventions of mankind in the twentieth century was computers, which, with the advent of the first computer in the world in 1946, had changed dramatically in every aspect of society, and which had contributed to the advancement of science. “The idea of using computers to translate was advanced by the American W. Weaver and the British A.D. Booth as early as 1946. The first machine translation experiment at Georgetown University in the United States in 1954 confirmed to the public that machine translation was feasible, which was the first non-numeric processing of computers”.[1] But early machine translation, which was limited to the computer’s own hardware level and the influence of the language school at the time, did not produce much.

一、计算语言学在英语教学中的积极作用

I. Computation of the positive role of linguistics in the teaching of English

1957年乔姆斯基的《句法理论》的出版，改变了语言学的方向，也给其他科学如人工智能带来了广泛的影响，从而酝酿了计算语言学的诞生。计算语言学也给语言理论研究提供了新视角和新方法，语言学习者也从中受益匪浅。

The publication of Chomsky’s syntax theory in 1957 changed the direction of linguistics and also created a wide range of implications for other sciences, such as artificial intelligence, thus inducing the birth of computational linguistics. Computation linguistics also provided new perspectives and new approaches to linguistic theory, and language learners benefited greatly from it.

1.方便快捷，时效性强。

1. Expeditious and time-sensitive.

“计算机适合处理大量的，或快速的，令人生厌的技术资料，（大量重复性的）软件本地化手册，及实时的天气预报类翻译，人类翻译在语言非重复性的复杂文本（如，文学，法律）方面有着（将来仍然是）起着无可竞争的作用”［2］。计算机的广泛使用可以替代大量的脑力活动和体力活动，而在翻译上，从计算机处理的文本类型来看，我们可以说它更倾向于取代“体力”活。计算语言学的发展带来了新的科技成果，如电子词典在线翻译等给学习者带来了快速便捷的检索方式，学习者不用再背着沉重的辞书字典了，仅仅一个电子词典放在口袋就可以带着上百万个词语。语言学习者尤其是外语学习者，词汇量的大小决定了他的理解能力和学习水平。在中、高级阶段的教学中，学生主要是自学，此阶段的特点与难点也是大量的专业词汇，以及各种问题的词汇与语法，如果靠一般的词典一一查找效率很低，“如果用电子词典或者将文本转化为电子文档，可以非常快捷地查阅外文单词，提高阅读效率，在汉外翻译中也可利用其双向查阅的特点，找出合适的对等的词，可以将效率提高到十倍以上”。［3］

The extensive use of computers can replace a large number of intellectual and physical activities, while the size of the vocabulary determines the ability to understand and learn from the type of text processed by computers. In medium- and advanced-level teaching, students are mainly self-learning, and the characteristics and difficulties of this phase are also a great deal of specialized lexicon, as well as the terminology and the lexicon of various issues, if one of the most efficient generic dictionaries is to be used, and if one of the most efficient dictionaries is to be translated into more than one verse, it is “if one of them is to be translated into more than one verse, it is to be translated into more than one verse, it is to be translated into more than one verse, it is to be found that one of the most efficient verses can be read.

2.容量大，更新速度快。

2. Large capacity and speed of renewal.

词典、书籍的更新速度比较慢，随着信息时代的飞速发展，每年都会出现很多新的词语和用法，旧词也往往会增加新的意义，学生在阅读报刊杂志或者浏览网页的时候很可能会出现一些不认识的词在字典上也查不到的或者查到了但是意义不符的情况，这时候在线翻译，或者一些网络翻译平台可以提供快捷简便的方式，为学习者提供最新的译文。“好翻译是查出来的，不是翻出来的。”奚德通（中国译典总编）如是说。有了网络，使得“查”译变得切实可行，目前有很多不错的英语在线词典。什么是在线词典呢？在线词典是指建立于Internet环境之上的、可为用户提供词汇实时共享查询服务的重要网上参考工具。在线词典用超文本标记语言（hyper text markup language）和某种计算机语言编写成、并上载到网上运行，有些文献将它称为电子词典（electronic dictionary），有些文献则把它叫做在线词典（on-line dictionary或者dictionary online）。直到1996年底，我国辞书研究界对“电子词典”的定义尚未统一。有人曾经用“互联网络词典”或“网络词典”来统称这类词典。也有人把电子词典（CD-ROM词典）叫做光盘词典，并以为由此形成新型的交叉科学――电子词典学。在线翻译词汇量很大，如目前网上最大的语言词典是“牛津英语在线词典”，它收录了大约6千万个英语单词，并预计将以每季度新增3000多个单词的速度发展。此外，在线翻译更新及时，因为它不再受印刷本体积和发行的限制。有的电子词典词库也没有容量限制，且内容处于动态更新中，如在非典爆发时，词库中会动态增加SARS的相关术语及词汇。

dictionaries, books are being updated at a slower pace, with many new words and usages occurring every year as the information age unfolds. Old words often add new meaning as students read journals or web pages. There are many good online dictionaries for English that are not known or found in dictionaries. The online dictionary is an important online reference tool for users to share search services in real time on the Internet.

3.多媒体性。

Multimedia.

多数电子词典采用多媒体技术，具有自动发音功能，有的甚至具有智能的点读功能。这些功能不但可以帮助学生理解而且可以帮助学生发音，这也是与传统的字典相比极具特色的一项新功能，也有利于提高学生学习的积极性，对于年纪小的外语学习者来说更有帮助。且相对于一般的词典来说，多媒体性带有的手写输入功能或者点读功能可以极大缩短搜索时间，这在某种程度上也可以增加学生查词典的动力。

Most electronic dictionaries use multimedia technology, with automatic pronunciation functions, and some even smart dot-reading functions. These functions not only help students to understand, but also help them to pronunciate.

二、计算语言学成果在英语教学中的消极作用

Calculating the negative effects of linguistic outcomes in the teaching of English

电子词典方便快捷，许多还图文并茂，趣味性强，吸引了不少学生。然而它毕竟只是一个检索工具，它本身也还有不完善的地方，再加上不正确使用会导致很多缺点。

The dictionaries are easy and fast, and many of them are very informative and interesting, attracting a lot of students. But, after all, it's a search tool, and it's not perfect in itself, and its incorrect use leads to many shortcomings.

1.电子词典的使用不利于培养学生的自学能力和独立思考能力。

1. The use of electronic dictionaries is not conducive to the development of students'self-learning and independent thinking skills.

在英语学习中，生词的记忆非常重要，不仅要记住生词的意思还要了解生词的用法。一些学习者利用电子字典的方便快捷，走捷径，偷懒照抄字典，而不去领会这个词的具体内涵，如果从小使用电子词典就会更加导致该现象的发生。

In English, the memory of the word is very important, not only to remember its meaning, but also to understand its use. Some learners use the ease and speed of the electronic dictionary, to take short steps and to copy the dictionary without learning the exact meaning of the word, which is more likely to happen if it is used from an early age.

2.电子词典或在线翻译不能完全显示词语的意义，影响了语言理解的准确性。

2. Electronic dictionaries or online translations do not fully show the meaning of words and affect the accuracy of language understandings.

语言学家利奇在他著名的《语义论》中把词汇的语义归为七类：概念意义（conceptual meaning）、内涵意义（connotative meaning）、社会意义（social meaning）、情感意义（affective meaning）、联想意义（reflective meaning）、搭配意义（collocative meaning）、主题意义（thematic meaning）。［4］电子词典能够反映的语义是有局限性的，好的电子词典可能会包含概念意义、情感意义、内涵意义、搭配意义，但是不能全部反映语义的所有方面，因此词汇的学习要兼顾到文化和社会知识。情感意义一般是通过概念意义、内涵意义和社会意义来表达的。学生只有在阅读中通过联系上下文，才能体会到词汇的情感意义，并且借助于词汇表达自己的感情。因此单纯的依靠电子词典本身就是对词语的不完全信息的掌握，因而在理解的准确性上，难免会不尽如人意。

Lich, a linguist in his famous semantics, classifies the semantics of the vocabulary into seven categories: conceptual meaning (conceptual meaning), implicit meaning (connotative meaning), social meaning (social meaning), emotional meaning (affective meaning), associated meaning, combined meaning (collocutory meaning), thematic meaning (thematic meaning) [4], which can be reflected in an electronic dictionary, which may contain conceptual meaning, emotional meaning, inner meaning, matching meaning, but which does not fully reflect all aspects of semantics, so that emotional meaning is generally expressed through conceptual meaning, inner meaning, and social meaning. Students can only read in the context of the context and express their feelings by using the vocabulary.

3.电子词典的检索的过度使用，使学生忽视了其他学习策略的发展。

3. The overuse of electronic dictionaries has led students to ignore the development of other learning strategies.

学生要充分理解和运用词汇复杂的语义，必须使用词汇学习认知策略中的分类策略、上下文策略、查字典策略、猜测策略、联系策略、搭配策略、练习策略等，以及原认知策略中的自我评估、自觉运用策略等，全面地学习词汇。电子词典和在线翻译的广泛使用使学生一味地依赖查字典策略这一项策略，而忽视其他策略的发展，尤其是猜测策略。学习者在学习外语的时候总有一种心理就是得到一个生词的权威的答案，而电子词典为他们提供了快捷的权威的解释，所以他们就通常会省略一个猜测过程，也很少会通过上下文去理解。如今留学生的课堂上几乎是人手一台电子词典，遇到不认识的词语不愿意去猜测，不愿意通过上下文去理解，更别说通过其他联想、其他词语来解释生词，他们直接寻求字典的帮助，忽略了其他学习策略的发展。

To fully understand and apply the complex semantics of the vocabulary, students must use the vocabulary to learn the classification strategy, context strategy, dictionary strategy, guessy strategy, linkage strategy, mix strategy, practice strategy, etc., as well as self-assessment in the original cognitive strategy, conscious application strategy, etc. The extensive use of electronic dictionaries and online translations has led students to rely on the strategy of dictionaries, while ignoring the development of other strategies, especially guessy strategies. In learning foreign languages, one of the learners always has the authority to learn a term, while the dictionaries provide them with a quick and authoritative explanation, so they usually omit a process of speculation, and rarely understand it through context.

4.通过电子词典或在线翻译检索策略影响了学习记忆过程。

4. The learning memory process has been influenced by electronic dictionaries or online translation search strategies.

电子技术检索速度固然很快，但是检索过的生词很快就会忘记。Eric Keller（1986）的研究表明，第一语言对第二语言词汇迁移与词汇出现的频率呈正相关。因此充足的输入非常重要，最好的途径是进行大量的阅读。电子技术提供的只是检索工具，它能够缩短获取信息的时间，但是并不能够加深记忆的深度。库克（Cook，2000）曾经说过：人们对于输入信息的存储取决于大脑对信息的加工深度。［5］而许多学习者在使用电子词典或在线翻译时，仅记住字形、字音、字义。这是低层次的加工，记忆效果不好。能够在语篇的框架内运用词汇，这是最深层次的加工，所获得的记忆效果是最好的。因此学生的词汇学习应该从最低层次的孤立记忆走向最高层次的运用实践，学生必须形成相应的信息加工策略，如上下文、猜测、练习、联系策略等。

Electronic technology provides only a search tool that shortens access to information, but it does not deepen memory depth. Cook, 2000, once said, people's storage of input depends on the depth of the brain's processing of information.[5] And many learners, when using electronic dictionaries or online translation, remember only typographical, typographical, typographical, typographical and typographical features. This is a low-level process, which is not very effective.

结语

Concluding remarks

计算语言学的发展的重要成果之一就是MT，实行人机对话，计算语言学的理想是计算机能与人一样理解与生成自然语言，但是目前的水平与这个目标还相差甚远。外语的学习决不能依赖电子技术，科技成果只能是辅助学习而不能代替学习本身。教师应该给学生积极的引导，让学生在享受科学成果带来的便利同时不要太依赖科技成果而忽视了人本身的发展；坚持以人为本的教育政策，发展学生语言认知和学习策略；注重学生学习态度、学习方法的培养。学生可以带电子词典进课堂，但是在阅读过程中要杜绝一词一句均查的现象，教师应积极引导学生课前预习、课后复习，将电子词典方便快捷的功能发挥到最大。

One of the important achievements in calculating the development of linguistics is the use of MT, a humanistic dialogue, the ideal of which is that computers understand and produce natural languages as much as people do, but the current level is far below that goal. Learning in foreign languages must not rely on e-technology, and science and technology can only complement learning rather than substitute for learning itself. Teachers should actively guide students to enjoy the benefits of science while not losing sight of human development itself; maintain a people-centred education policy and develop student language literacy and learning strategies; and focus on the development of student attitudes and learning methods.

参考文献：

References:

［1］刘颖.计算语言学.［M］北京：清华大学出版社，2002：5.

[1] Liu Ying. Calculating Linguistics. [M] Beijing: Qinghua University Press, 2002:5.

［2］金纯.浅谈计算机自然语言理解［J］.浙江中医学院学报，2005.05，第29卷，（3）：71-73.

[2] Kim Jun. Assemble Natural Language Understanding of Computers [J]. Zhejiang School of Medicine Journal, 2005.05, vol. 29, (3): 71-73.

［3］孙翠兰.简谈计算语言学与外语教学［J］.中国成人教育，2002.08：64.

[3] Sun Trelan. Brief discussion on linguistics and foreign language teaching [J]. Adult education in China, 2002.08:64.

［4］Geoffrey Leech.Semantics ［M］.Harmondsworth：Penguin，1981 xii，383p：19cm.

在线翻译范文第10篇

【关键词】互联网 外文信息资源 语言文字翻译 在线翻译

[keywords] Internet, foreign language information resources, language and text translation, online translation.

基金项目：中国石油教育学会2014年度科研项目《通过中文利用外文信息资源研究》（中油教[2014]B033号）

Fund Project: China Petroleum Education Society 2014 Scientific Research Project Researching the Use of Information Resources in Foreign Languages through Chinese (Chinese Oil Education Institute (2014] B033)

一、通过中文利用外文信息资源的浏览器技术与方法

I. Browser techniques and methods for the use of foreign language information resources through Chinese

（一）在线翻译的现状

(i) Status of online translation

根据目前互联网在线翻译技术的进步水平和发展现状，可以将具有在线翻译功能的互联网浏览器分为若干个系统。目前最为常用的有可翻译81种语言文字的谷歌翻译系统（根据译文质量的信息完整度、术语规范、忠实原文和行文通顺标准，其参数符合度居于首位），可翻译44种语言文字的必应翻译系统，可翻译12种语言文字的百度翻译系统，可翻译7种语言文字的有道翻译系统，以及可翻译5种和3种语言文字的糖果和瑞影浏览器翻译系统。利用特定品牌的浏览器可以实现对不同语言文字互联网网页的在线自动翻译，而这种具有完全自主在线自动翻译功能的浏览器目前并不多，仅有有限的几种可以自主实现，其余都需要通过调入在线翻译工具方可实现网页在线翻译。谷歌翻译系统所对应的浏览器是谷歌浏览器、360极速浏览器和云游浏览器，必应翻译系统和百度翻译系统所对应的都是不特定的浏览器，有道翻译系统所对应的是360系列浏览器，包括360极速浏览器和360安全浏览器。其中最具有代表性的，同时也是在线自动翻译语种最多的浏览器就是谷歌浏览器，以及同步采用谷歌浏览器内核技术的360极速浏览器和云游浏览器。目前谷歌浏览器系列可以实现最多翻译全世界81种语言文字的功能。

Based on the current state of progress and development of online translation technology, Internet browsers with online translation features can be divided into several systems. The Google Translation System, currently most commonly used for translation of 81 language scripts (based on the information integrity of the quality of translations, terminology norms, authentic originals and standards for the harmonization of scripts, the parameters of which are above all), the mandatory translation system for translation of 44 language scripts, the 100-degree translation system for translation of 12 language scripts, the access system for translation of seven language scripts, the access system for translation of seven language scripts, as well as a system for translation of five and three language scripts, can be translated from a candy and a swipe browser.

（二）谷歌系统在线翻译语种

(ii) Online translation of Google

谷歌翻译系统的81种语言文字按汉语拼音排序分别是：阿尔巴尼亚文、阿拉伯文、阿塞拜疆文、爱尔兰文、爱沙尼亚文、巴斯克文、白俄罗斯文、保加利亚文、冰岛文、波兰文、波斯尼亚文、波斯文、丹麦文、德文、俄文、法文、芬兰文、格鲁吉亚文、古加拉提文、海地文、韩文、豪萨文、荷兰文、赫蒙文、加利西亚文、加泰罗尼亚文、柬埔寨文、捷克文、坎纳达文、克罗地亚文、拉丁文、拉脱维亚文、老挝文、立陶宛文、罗马尼亚文、马耳他文、马拉地文、马来文、马其顿文、毛利文、蒙古文、孟加拉文、南非荷兰文、尼泊尔文、挪威文、旁遮普文、葡萄牙文、日文、瑞典文、塞尔维亚文、世界文、斯洛伐克文、斯洛文尼亚文、斯瓦希里文、宿务文、索马里文、塔加洛语、泰卢固文、泰米尔文、泰文、土耳其文、威尔士文、乌尔都文、乌克兰文、希伯来文、希腊文、西班牙文、匈牙利文、亚美尼亚文、依格博文、依地文、意大利文、印地文、印度尼西亚文、英文、约鲁巴文、越南文、爪哇文、中文（繁体）、中文（简体）、祖鲁文。可嵌入谷歌翻译系统的浏览器还有360极速浏览器和瑞影浏览器。这81种语言文字与谷歌搜索引擎的81种语言文字基本相同，但是部分语言文字的名称却有较大差异。其中70种语言文字完全相同。7种接近对应的语言文字分别是：布尔语：南非荷兰语-南非荷兰文、古吉拉特语-古加拉提文、海地克里奥尔语-海地文、卡纳达语-坎纳达文、南非祖鲁语-祖鲁文、依博语-依格博文、印尼爪哇语-爪哇文。4种相异较大的语言文字分别是：菲律宾语-塔加洛语、高棉语-柬埔寨文、苗语-赫蒙文、意第绪语-依地文。

The 81 languages of the Google translation system are: Albanian, Arabic, Azerbaijani, Irish, Estonian, Basque, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Icelandic, Polish, Bosnian, Persian, Danish, German, Russian, French, Finnish, Georgian, Gugarati, Haitian, Korean, Hausa, Dutch, Hermon, Galician, Catalan, Cambodian, Czech, Kanada, Croatian, Latin, Latvian, Lao, Lithuanian, Romanian, Maltese, Maratón, Maratón, Macedonian, Maori, Mongolian, Bangla, Afrika, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian, Russian and Russian.

（三）其他系统在线翻译语种

(iii) Online translation of languages in other systems

必应翻译系统可以嵌入任何浏览器实现45种语言的在线翻译。这45种语言按汉语拼音排序分别是：阿拉伯语、爱沙尼亚语、白苗文、保加利亚语、波兰语、波斯语、朝鲜语、丹麦语、德语、俄语、法语、繁体中文、芬兰语、海地克里奥尔语、荷兰语、加泰隆语、简体中文、捷克语、克林贡语、拉脱维亚语、立陶宛语、罗马尼亚语、马耳他语、马来语、挪威语、葡萄牙语、日语、瑞典语、斯洛伐克语、斯洛文尼亚语、泰语、土耳其语、威尔士语、乌尔都语、乌克兰语、西班牙语、希伯来语、希腊语、匈牙利语、意大利语、印地语、印度尼西亚语、英语、越南语。其中白苗文和克林贡语是必应翻译特有的可翻译语言。百度翻译系统可以在线翻译12种语言，它们按汉语拼音排序分别是：阿拉伯语、俄语、法语、韩语、葡萄牙语、日语、泰语、文言文、西班牙语、英语、粤语、中文。其中文言文和粤语是百度翻译特有的可翻译语言。有道翻译系统可以通过嵌入360安全浏览器和360极速浏览器实现中文、英语、日语、汉语、法语、俄语、西班牙语7种语言的在线翻译，而360极速浏览器则可以同时使用谷歌翻译和有道翻译两种翻译系统。糖果浏览器可以实现英语、日语、韩语、简体中文和繁体中文5种语言文字的在线翻译。瑞影浏览器可以实现英语、简体中文和繁体中文3种语言文字的在线翻译。

The 45 languages in question are Arabic, Estonian, Shimong, Bulgarian, Polish, Persian, Korean, Danish, German, Russian, French, Chinese, Finnish, Haitian Creole, Dutch, Catalon, Chinese, Czech, Klingon, Latvian, Lithuanian, Romanian, Maltese, Malay, Norwegian, Portuguese, Japanese, Swedish, Slovak, Slovenian, Thai, Turkish, Welsh, Urdu, Ukrainian, Spanish, Hebrew, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Hindi, Indonesian, English, Vietnamese, Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, Russian, Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, Chinese, and Russian.

（四）利用浏览器具体翻译技术和方法

(iv) Use of browser-specific translation techniques and methods

以目前可以在线自动翻译语言文字最多达到81种的谷歌浏览器为例，其通过中文利用外文信息资源的具体技术和方法为：打开谷歌浏览器（截止2014年6月24日，其最新版本为35.0.1916.153），打开谷歌搜索引擎，采用打字输入、手写输入或语音输入等方法，在搜索引擎的检索窗口输入如“美国国会图书馆”等检索词；此时会出现两种供用户使用的选择：一种选择原文网站，点击选择原文网站，打开后首次使用会出现原文网页，并有中文提示“您要翻译该网页吗？”，其后有“翻译”和“否”两个选项。如果选择“翻译”，即刻可将该原文网页翻译为中文页面，并出现“已将此网页从”英文“翻译成”中文，从而实现通过中文利用外文信息资源的目的；然后点击“选项”，出现“网页语言：英文”，“翻译语言：中文（简体中文）”，在“一律翻译”前选中打钩，即可实现此后再使用该语种网页时，都会首先出现原文网页，随后很快会自动翻译为中文网页的效果。在其下的“语言设置”中，有“语言：将网页翻译成您使用的语言，调整字体、语言和编码，拼写检查”，并有“显示原始网页”等选项。另一种方法是：使用谷歌浏览器，打开谷歌翻译；在源语言窗口输入所需要的中文检索词，在翻译窗口中会自动翻译出所需要的外文检索词；将该外文检索词复制到谷歌搜索引擎的检索窗口，检索出若干结果后，选择找到所需要的国外网站；打开该网站后的使用方法与上相同。

In the case of Google Browsers, which currently automatically translate language scripts online to a maximum of 81 types, there will be two options available to users: a web site that selects the original language, and a web page that opens for the first time, with an indication in Chinese that “You want to translate the page?” followed by the “Translation” and “No” options. If you choose the original page, you can translate it into Chinese, and when you have “translation” from English to Chinese, thus achieving the purpose of using external information resources in Chinese; then you can click on the “Retrieve” site, which will be used for the first time, and the “Book” page, which will be used for the first time, and the “Book” page, which will be used for the second time.

二、通过中文利用外文信息资源的搜索引擎在线翻译技术和方法

II. Online translation techniques and methods using foreign language information resources through the search engine in Chinese

利用互联网上具有特定在线翻译功能的网络搜索引擎，可以实现通过中文利用外文信息资源的目的，目前已经可以实现最多可达85种不同语言文字信息资源的在线翻译，其中既包括单词、语句的翻译，也包括整篇乃至整部文献信息资源的即时在线翻译。搜索引擎在线翻译的特点是，内容信息更新及时，翻译语种数量众多，翻译效率高，有些搜索引擎的在线翻译还可及时进行翻译正确率的修正。此类网络搜索引擎包括谷歌、必应、百度、有道、如此项功能居于首位的谷歌搜索引擎的在线翻译，截止2013年底，可以翻译全世界81种语言文字，其中44种语言文字可以同时实现语音翻译。微软公司的必应搜索引擎，目前可以翻译45种语言文字，其中18种语言文字可以同时实现语音翻译。百度搜索引擎的在线翻译，目前可实现在线翻译12种语言，其中中文和英语可实现语音翻译。有道搜索引擎的在线翻译，目前可实现在线翻译中文与英语、日语、韩语、法语、俄语和西班牙语7种语言的在线翻译，其中前6种语言可实现语音翻译。对于难以实现不同语种网站自动翻译的外语信息资源，或难以直接查询到的国外信息资源网站，可以利用特定搜索引擎的在线翻译功能，首先将汉语翻译为查询国所使用的语言文字，再利用其外语文字查找相应的网站资源，最后配合利用具有在线翻译功能的网络浏览器或搜索引擎在线翻译功能实现自动翻译。还有一种在线翻译方法，就是在利用搜索引擎检索到目标网站后，直接选择“翻译此页”，即可通过特定搜索引擎的在线翻译直接翻译为中文网页。

Using a web search engine with a specific online translation function on the Internet, the correct translation rate can be achieved in a timely manner. The online translation of such a web search engine, which includes Google, should be 100%, have access to foreign language information resources, is now available in up to 85 different languages, including the translation of words, phrases, and instantaneous online translation of the entire documentary information resource. The online translation of the search engine is characterized by the timely updating of content, the large number of translated languages, the efficiency of translation, and the translation of online translations of some search engines.

三、通过中文利用外文信息资源的翻译软件技术和方法

III. Translation software techniques and methodologies for the use of foreign language information resources through Chinese

利用具有翻译功能的特定网络软件也可以实现通过中文利用外文信息资源的目的。如利用“外文网站浏览器”、“守望翻译家”和“谷歌翻译器”等翻译软件，可以实现将多种外文信息资源网页翻译为中文利用的目的。“外文网站浏览器”是一种可以将多种不同语言文字的网页实现互相翻译的软件，通过它可以实现利用汉语阅读外文信息资源的目的。其基本原理是借助谷歌搜索引擎的在线翻译功能，实现对全世界81种不同语言文字信息资源的在线翻译。不过在利用这种软件时有一个前提条件，就是首先需要通过其他途径获取所需要查询外文网站的网址，然后将该网址输入到外文网站浏览器软件的谷歌翻译窗口中，利用“源语言”中的“检测语言”，实现软件自动识别和检测该网址所采用的语言文字种类，从而实现自动翻译为目标语言文字页面的目的。利用外文网站浏览器软件实现通过中文利用外文信息资源的流程为：输入中文、翻译为外文、复制外文、检索出网址、复制网址、粘贴网址到软件、检测语言、翻译成功。翻译软件上同时设有原文和译文的选项，便于将不同的语言文字进行对照参考利用。当然，在明确了解所需要查询利用的外文网站所使用语言文字种类的前提条件下，也可以通过人工选择输入相应的“源语言”文种，从而实现通过中文利用外文信息资源的目的。另外，“守望翻译家”和“谷歌翻译器”两种翻译软件，分别可用于离线时的通过中文利用外文信息资源的目的。

The use of specific web-based software with translation functions can also achieve the purpose of using foreign language information resources in Chinese. The use of translation software such as “foreign language web browsers”, “visit translator” and “goo translator” in 81 different languages around the world can achieve the purpose of translating multiple foreign language information resources into Chinese. The “foreign language web browser” is a software that can be translated from one language to another, using “test language” in “source language” for the purpose of using the online translation of foreign language information resources through Google search engines.

四、通过中文利用外文信息资源的格式转换技术和方法

IV. TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY AND METHODOLOGY BY USE OF FOREIGN INFORMATION RESOURCES IN CHINESE

由于许多可供下载的外文信息资源，往往是无法直接翻译的某种格式的外文原文信息资源，所以，无论是利用网络浏览器、网络搜索引擎，还是翻译软件，都无法直接实现通过中文利用外文信息资源的目的。当遇到这种情况时，可以采用先转换外文原文的文档格式，再进行中文翻译的方法予以解决[7]。转换文档格式时，可以根据外文原文信息资源所采用文档格式的具体情况，相应地采用复制、粘贴方法，或者利用相关的文档格式转换器软件，进行外文信息资源文档格式的转换后，再利用网络搜索引擎的在线翻译功能翻译为中文加以利用。如对于目前国际通用最为常见的PDF格式的外文原文信息资源，如果允许进行复制、粘贴操作，可将其复制、粘贴到word文档或txt文本文档中，再利用网络搜索引擎进行在线自动翻译。如果不允许进行复制、粘贴操作，则可先利用“PDF转换成WORD转换器”软件，将PDF格式的外文原文信息资源转换为WORD格式的外文原文信息资源文档，然后再将WORD格式文档的外文原文信息资源，复制到网络搜索引擎在线翻译的“源语言”窗口，选择正确相对应的源语言文种，再将“目标语言”选定为“中文简体”，通过“翻译”或可自动翻译为中文后再加以利用。当外文原文信息资源格式为HTML网页格式，而又无法实现直接自动翻译时，可先将其复制、粘贴到txt文本文档中，如果网页不允许复制、粘贴，可以将原文网址进行复制，再利用空WORD文档打开后进行粘贴操作，最后再利用网络搜索引擎进行在线自动翻译。

With many external information resources available for download, often in some form that cannot be translated directly, either the purpose of using the web browser, the web search engine, or the translation software is not directly realized. In such cases, the use of the online translation feature of the web search engine can be resolved by using a document format that converts the original text first to the original language [7]. When a document format is converted, it can be copied, pasted to the file format used by the external language information resource or txt text file, followed by an online search engine, which can be translated online if it is not allowed to copy or paste the search file file file format, then the online translation function of the web search engine can be used for Chinese.

参考文献：

References:

[1]徐馨文.在线翻译网站译文质量评测[J].郑州航空工业管理学院学报：社会科学版，2012，31（2）：124-126.

[1] Xu Seng Man. Quality assessment of translations from the online translation website [J]. Journal of Chengzhou Institute of Aeronautical Industry Management: Social Sciences, 2012, 31 (2): 124-126.

[2]谷歌翻译[EB/OL].[2014-06-30].http：//.

[2] Google translator [EB/OL]. [2014-06-30]. http://.

[3]必应在线翻译[EB/OL].[2014-06-30].http：///translator.

[3] It should be translated online [EB/OL]. [2014-06-30]. http://translator.org/translator.

[4]天涯衰草.将浏览器搜索变成翻译软件[J]. 电脑迷，2014（2）：82.

[4] Abyssmal loss. Turn browser search into translation software [J]. Computer fan, 2014(2):82.

[5]郭义，滕景华.谈网络在翻译学习中的作用：以搜索引擎谷歌为例[J]. 赤峰学院学报：自然科学版，2012，28（21）：27-29.

[5] Guo Yi, Tang Xinghua. Talk about the role of the network in translation learning: using Google, a search engine, as an example [J]. Journal of the Akashi Academy: Natural Sciences, 2012, 28(21): 27-29.

[6]于新国.现代文献信息检索使用教程：第二版.北京：石油工业出版社，2012. 156-164.

[6] Tutor of modern literature retrieval in the New Kingdom: 2nd ed. Beijing: Oil Industry Publishing House, 2012.156-164.