原标题：《在速变的区块链行业，如何高效地学习与思考？》
Original title: How can we learn and think efficiently in the fast-changing block chain industry?
在快速变化的区块链行业，新概念、新模式、新项目总是层出不穷，其中又混杂着大量的无效与垃圾信息。在这种背景下，区块链行业参与者们如何增强自身的区块链学习能力？如何建立靠谱的信息获取渠道？如何更好地筛选优质信息与降噪？
In the fast-changing block chain industry, new concepts, new models, new projects are always emerging, and there is a lot of inert and garbage information. Against this background, how do the block chain industry participants enhance their ability to learn from the block chain? How can we build a sound access to information? How can we better screen for quality information and noise reduction?
为此，链捕手采访了优证链通创始人孟岩、Primitive Ventures 创始合伙人万卉、蓝狐笔记主理人蓝狐、链闻研究总监潘致雄、以太坊爱好者主笔阿剑等5名行业资深研究者，就上述问题详细分享了他们的学习方法与思考技巧。
To this end, the chain catcher interviewed five senior researchers in the industry, Mon Iwai, the founder of the chain of excellence, the founding partner of the Primitive Ventures, the Blue Fox, the Blue Fox, the Chief of the Blue Fox Note, Pan Shio-Yo, the Director of Swords of the Itha fan, and so on, and shared in detail their learning methods and thinking skills on the above issues.
整理|Loners Liu
Let's clean up the Loners Liu.
01优证链通创始人孟岩
1、每个人都要建立自身的核心能力，这是他的安身立命之本，使得他可以在任何一个新领域里面去充分发挥自己核心能力。
1. Each person has to build his own core competencies, which is what he stands for, so that he can fully develop his core competencies in any new field.
我最核心的能力其实是能把一个新东西拿到跟前来，通过自己的方式去理解，然后用自己的语言把它表述出来，我的这种表述有时可能比原作者更具特色，所以这是我的核心优势。不管做什么工作，我自始至终都是牢牢的抓住我自己核心的能力。
My core ability is actually to bring something new to me, understand it in my own way, and then express it in my own language, which may sometimes be more specific than the original author, so that's my core strength. Whatever work I do, I always have the ability to capture my core.
2、建立所谓的第一性原理，我比较喜欢回到一些问题的本源。我不惧怕承认我自己在某个领域里的无知，就是Steve Jobs说的「stay hungry stay foolish」，因此我不会为听到一些不懂的新概念感到羞愧，而花大量的时间去阅读各种各样的文献，我想了解的是这个行业里面最大的问题是什么？最核心的根本问题是什么？
To build the so-called principle of first sex, I prefer to go back to the source of some of the problems. I am not afraid to admit my ignorance in a certain field, as Steve Jobs said, "stay hungry stayfolish," so I am not ashamed to hear some new concepts that I don't understand and spend a lot of time reading a variety of literature. What is the biggest problem in this industry? What is the fundamental question at the heart?
那么为了要解决这类问题，我们需要用到什么样的数学原理与思想方法，而一旦我回归到这个层面之后，我就尝试开始自己思考，而不是去看前人做过什么。这样做的缺点在于如果你在一个成熟领域，你会做很多重复还可能是低水平的工作，远远不如那些大师做得到位。
So, in order to solve these problems, we need to use mathematical principles and intellectual methods, and once I get back to that level, I try to think for myself, not to see what the former did. The disadvantage is that if you were in a mature field, you'd do a lot of repetitive or possibly low-level work, far less than the masters did.
在DeFi这种全新领域，这种思维方式能更快地让我们向前推进，这个过程中要重视理工科思维，比如说数学基础、逻辑推导。
In a completely new field such as DeFi, this way of thinking can move us forward faster, with emphasis on scientific thinking, such as mathematical fundamentals, logical reasoning.
3、要敢于表达，即使很多问题我自己也没有想的很清楚，我也敢于把它用自己的语言表达出来。
I dare to express it in my own language, even if I have no idea of many issues.
这种表达往往不是很学术性，可能会造成你探讨的问题层次不够高、深度不够深。但另外一个好处是，我觉得放在一个新领域的话，这种方式反而有一定优势，因为它能够帮助你尽快跟外界形成一种交流，跟外界以及身边的人进行交流和碰撞，这种开放式的交流碰撞有利于你尽快理解很多事情。
This expression is often not very academic, and may result in a lack of hierarchy and depth of the issues you are dealing with. But another advantage is that I think that this approach has the advantage of being placed in a new field, because it can help you form an exchange with the outside world as soon as possible, with people around you and with open communication collisions that make it easier for you to understand a lot of things as quickly as possible.
4、在我过去的咨询工作中，对于通证经济模式的设计和判断当然是有过失误的，但是主要原因并不是设计失误导致的，而是现实的种种压力，导致设计方案出现不合理的扭曲，不能按原本的面目落地。
4. In my past advisory work, there were, of course, errors in the design and judgement of the mediocre economic model, but the main reason was not the design error, but the pressures of reality, which led to unreasonable distortions in the design programme and could not be seen as such.
但判断失误当然也有，比如像YFI这种项目的经济模型，它们的代币都会在很短时间内全部释放，这种模型在我们过去的观点中属于不可持续或者很糟糕的模型设计。
But there are, of course, errors in judgement, such as the economic model of projects such as YFI, whose tokens are released in a very short period of time, which is an unsustainable or poor model design in our past perspective.
但是它的后期表现也促使我们反思，为什么我们原来的想法跟实践当中对不上，这种反思也会推动我们不断地在实践中对这个理论做出改进。
But its late performance has also prompted us to reflect on why our original ideas are not in line with practice, and that reflection has also prompted us to constantly improve this theory in practice.
02Primitive Ventures 创始合伙人万卉
02PrimitiveVentures Founding Partner >/strong
1. 多看经典读物，现在网上已经有很多整理的优质学习素材，包括世界顶尖大学的公开课。譬如在比特币方面，最好的教程就是普林斯顿大学的比特币公开课。
A great deal of the classics are now available online, with a great deal of high-quality learning material, including open courses at the world's top universities. For example, in Bitcoin, the best course is the Bitcoin Open Course at Princeton University.
同时，带着问题去学习效率会高很多，比如在看普林斯顿的比特币公开课时，可以列一下「元问题」之类的问题：比特币如何保证稀缺？如何保证矿工挖矿公平？挖矿究竟是挖什么？
At the same time, it would be much more efficient for to learn with questions, such as , when watching Bitcoin's open lesson in Princeton, to list some questions like `moderate': How does bitcoin guarantee scarcity? How can it be fair for miners to dig? What is mining?
「慢就是快」，不要想着什么10天30天速成，知识体系的搭建需要足够的时间和耐心
"Slow is fast." Don't think about it. It takes time and patience to build a knowledge system.
2. 少看群，少用社交软件，并且最好不要用抖音、快手、头条这类低信噪比的应用。我自己一直都没有下这类应用，因为信息密度太低、太浪费时间（不过如果我还在做消费互联网投资的话就需要天天刷了，这个与投资对象有关），微信也是一天固定几个时间看一下回复消息。
2. Less attention, less use of social software, and better not use low-key applications such as tremors, fast hands, headlines. I have never used such applications myself, because the information density is too low, it is too wasteful (although if I am still investing in the consumer Internet, this is about the target of the investment), and wee-mails are also fixed for a few hours a day to look at the responses.
学习最好的方式是在自己有了一定的知识基础之后和人讨论，或者去回答他人的问题。了解信息最好的渠道其实还是行业内的专业人士，我基本每个领域都有几个go to person，加起来可能不到20个，但是这20个人作为你的外延大脑就足够了。
The best way to learn is to talk to people after they have a certain knowledge base, or to answer questions from others. The best way to know information is actually a professional in the industry. I have a few go to person, maybe less than 20 in each field, but these 20 people are enough as your extended brain.
我现在有两类浏览习惯，12年的时候就和湾区几个PM小伙伴讨论过两种行为模式的区别，一种叫做Search in Browse (在刷屏中搜索有用的信息），一种叫做Browse in Search (在搜索结果中寻找有用的信息) ，前者就是所有的信息流产品，譬如头条抖音快手。
I now have two types of browsing habits, and in 12 years I discussed the difference between two modes of behaviour with a few PM partners in the Bay Area, , called Search in Browne (searching useful information in screen), , the former being all information flow products, such as headline shakers.
想要高效学习是不可能通过Search in Browse完成的。所以有效学习的第一步是多做有目的的搜索，少做无目的浏览。不要成为互联网时长里的人肉电池。
It is not possible to learn efficiently through Search in Brownse. So the first step in effective learning is to do more purposeful searches and less aimless browsing. Do not become a human battery in the Internet for a long time.
03蓝狐笔记主理人蓝狐
1、首先是基础知识的构建，想要了解加密世界，首先比特币和以太坊是绕不过去两座大山。
The first is the building of basic knowledge to understand the world of encryption, and the first is that Bitcoin and Etheria can't bypass the two mountains.
在比特币和以太坊的发展过程中，我们会遇到各种难题，比如可扩展性问题、费用问题、应用的产品和市场契合问题，围绕这些问题的解决，又有一大堆新的东西诞生。尤其是DeFi的探索给我们大量的案例和实践经验，研究它们也会给我们带来很多新的想法。
In the course of the development of Bitcoin and Etheria, we are faced with difficulties, such as expansionary problems, cost problems, product applications and market convergence, and a lot of new things are born around the solution of these problems. In particular, DeFi’s explorations give us a lot of case and practical experience, and they bring us a lot of new ideas.
2、早期研究最大的障碍在于能不能把心沉下去研究，很多知识枯燥无味，而且看上去跟投资并没有多大关系，但对于我们做决策有很大帮助。关于实用工具方面，目前还没有大多，主要是紧跟新项目，然后有一些数据辅助工具，比如coingecko这样的行情工具、etherscan这样的区块链浏览器、还有defipulse、duneanalytics、messari等等。
2. The biggest obstacle to early research is the ability to sink into the study, and much of the knowledge is boring and does not seem to have much to do with investment, but it does help us make decisions. As far as practical tools are concerned, there is not much, mainly following up on new projects, and there are data support tools such as coingecko, ethscan, and web browsers, and defipulse, duneanalytics, messari, etc.
现在的问题是新项目太多了。有价值的项目背后是好的创始团队和好的模式，我一般会通过各种国内外社区去了解，往往是一个好项目会串联出更多的好项目。当然，这里面也会有坑。
The problem now is that there are too many new projects. The worthwhile projects of
一个想真正做事的团队和兜售概念的团队是完全不一样的，这从白皮书、产品、各种公开表达都可以看出蛛丝马迹。有时候，从一开始，就决定了将来的局面。
A team that wants to really do something and a team that sells ideas is completely different, as can be seen in white papers, products, and public expressions. Sometimes, from the outset, it determines the future.
区块链最难的地方它是复合性的领域，涉及到密码学、金融、编程等方面，这里的核心是第一性原理，有时候过多的概念可能反而妨碍了对事物本质的理解。
The most difficult part of the block chain is a complex area involving cryptography, finance, programming, etc., where the principle of first nature lies at the heart of which too many concepts may sometimes hinder understanding of the essence of the matter.
04链闻研究总监潘致雄
"Strange" 04 "Standard Research Director Pan Xiao Hung"
1、首先需要自带（或培养）对这个领域的真正兴趣和好奇心，这样就能产生自我学习的推动力。
1. First, there is a need to bring (or nurture) real interest and curiosity in the field, which can create a driving force for self-learning.
十多年前我就特别喜欢电驴和BitTorrent这两个分布式和点对点文件传输产品，它们试图让内容分发更平等、共享、互惠，而后又有一些类似的产品希望能将整个中心化的互联网变得更公开、透明、抗审查。
More than a decade ago, I particularly liked two distributed and point-to-point file transfer products, the electric donkey and BitTorrent, which sought to make content more equally distributed, shared and mutually beneficial, followed by similar products that wanted to make the entire central Internet more open, transparent and resistant to censorship.
但是当时并没有区块链这种可以在互联网上通过分布式网络安全传递价值的基础组件，所以这些项目后来都规模很小，也很难长期维护。自比特币和以太坊出现后，之前的那些分布式存储、分布式网络就有了一种原生的货币和原生的计算平台，在它们的加持下，整个互联网的应用和底层架构将被完全重塑。这就是一直推动我喜欢这个行业的核心原因。
But there was no block chain, a basic component that could transmit value via distributed network security over the Internet, so the projects were later small in size and difficult to maintain over the long term. Since the advent of Bitcoin and Ether, the distributional networks that had preceded them had a raw monetary and proto-original computing platform, with which the Internet as a whole would be completely reshaped.
然后，在有了自我学习的推动力后，就要构建自己的学习系统，涉及到信息的采集、学习、归纳、组织和再输出。
Then, with the driving force of self-learning, builds its own learning system, involving information gathering, learning, synthesizing, organizing and re-outputing.
不过由于加密货币行业内新术语、新概念特别多，还要对于计算机、金融、博弈论有一定的认识，甚至随处可见的英文单词术语（那些新名词可能还不能准确翻译成中文）。所以对于基础知识的通识程度也可能会成为学习区块链行业中的各种阻碍。有一个简单却很难坚持的方法，学习并记录下所有不认识的词汇，然后定期巩固，这件事情可能没有捷径。
But because there are many new terms and concepts in the crypto-currency industry, and because there is a certain understanding of computers, finance, games and games, and even widely visible terms in English (which may not yet be translated accurately into Chinese). The level of general knowledge about basic knowledge may also be a barrier in the learning block chain industry. There is a simple, but difficult, method for to insist on, learning and recording all unknowing terms, and then periodically consolidating them, and there may be no shortcuts to this.
# 采集系统
# Collection system
探索一套适合自己的信息采集系统。网络上能找到的公开信息还是会分层的，所以先做到覆盖面，然后随着时间推移有了自己的判断后，再删去信息价值低的内容，随时优化自己的信息组织方式。
Explore an information-gathering system that suits you. The public information that can be found on the network is stratified, so you get coverage and then, over time, get your own judgment and then delete the information that is of low value and at any time optimizes the way you organize it.
这里推荐RSS或邮箱系统作为信息采集的底层协议，因为这是开放的标准，可以标准化。简单来说，就是尽可能将所有来源信息「RSS化」或「邮件化」。
The RSS or mailbox system is recommended as a bottom protocol for information gathering because it is an open standard that can be standardized. Simply put, all source information is "RSS" or "mailed" as much as possible.
推荐的工具包括Reeder、Inoreader、Feedly、IFTTT（搭配邮件或RSS）等。
Suggested tools include Reeder, Inoreader, Feedly, IFTT, or RSS.
# 信息整理工具
# Information collation tool
采集后的信息需要再整理、分类，这时候需要一个个人知识管理工具，专业术语一般称为PKM。这类工具可以极大程度上提高效率，所以一般都是专有软件，需要付出一些成本。
The information collected needs to be collated and sorted at a time when there is a need for a personal knowledge management tool, commonly known as PKM, with a professional term. Such tools can yield significant efficiency gains, so they are generally proprietary and cost-effective.
我比较喜欢用DEVONThink，不过Keep it或Evernote也是不错的替代品。不少创业团队也在重塑这类工具，比如Roam Research、Notion以及刚出来的Craft都是不错的，我目前更喜欢第一个。
I prefer to use DevonThink, but Keep it or Evernote are good alternatives. A lot of start-ups are remaking tools like Roam Research, Notion and the new Craft, and I prefer the first.
# 脑图与制图
# Brain maps and drawings
在整理完素材后，可能会根据某些话题产生一些想法，这时候用大纲图、脑图、流程图帮助整理思路很重要。
Once the material has been collated, some ideas may emerge from certain topics, at which point it is important to use the schematics, brain charts, flow charts to help organize ideas.
如果你有一块白板或者纸，直接用起来会更直观，iPad也可以。如果用电脑的话，脑图可以用MindNode或Scapple，其他通用图表其实用Keynote或者PowerPoint也挺好的。
If you have a white board or paper, it'll be more intuitive and iPad. If you use a computer, you can use a brain map with MindNode or Scapple, and other general charts with practical Keynote or PowerPoint are good.
2、目前来看，无论是DeFi项目、以太坊社区还是公链技术社区，都是海外的社区讨论氛围更好、更充分、更激烈一些，因为Twitter可以作为一种信息交流、讨论、沉淀并储存的平台，国内缺少这样的设施，更多都是以封闭的群聊作为承载。
For the time being,
之后还需要先搞清楚这个市场中最重要的参与者、影响力者有哪些，哪怕这些人也一直在很快速的更新换代。可以先从头部的投资机构和头部的KOL开始，关注这些人在关注的东西。
Then we need to figure out who the most important players and influential players in this market are, even if they have been changing rapidly. Starting with the head investment agency and the head KOL, we can focus on what these people are looking at.
或者将这部分获取重要信息的部分外包出去，也就是挑选一些Curator帮助你整理好最新的信息来源，比如国内外具有研究能力的媒体、研究机构或等，让他们成为建立你自己研究体系的初始材料。
Or outsource this part of the access to important information by selecting Curator to help you sort out the latest sources of information, such as the media, research institutions or others with research capabilities at home and abroad, so that they become the initial materials for building your own research system.
然后就需要挑选一些感兴趣的课题进行深入研究。如果觉得自己一个人研究很乏味，可以找一些志同道合的朋友，或者认识一些专家，直接请教他们。
Then you need to select some interesting topics for in-depth study. If you feel bored with your own research, you can find some like-minded friends or know some experts and ask them directly.
05以太坊爱好者主笔阿剑
05 with the sword of a fan of the talisman > /strang >
对于如何减少噪音，首先你得保持对自己所偏爱主题的好奇心和敏感度。比如我非常关注Layer2，随之而来就会遇到很多信息，比如某个项目最近要上测试网、要上主网、或者谁又提出一种新的方案。但其实你并不需要那么多信息，因为它们都可以简单的分为几个大类，比如状态通道、侧链、Roll Up。
First of all, you have to be curious and sensitive about how to reduce noise. For example, I'm very concerned about Layer2, and there's a lot of information that comes up with, for example, a project that's going to be tested recently, on the main network, or who's going to come up with a new solution. But you don't really need that much information, because they can easily be divided into a few broad categories, such as state lanes, side chains, Roll Up.
所以在学习的第一个阶段，你要了解行业的每一个基本范式，以便去做梳理时能够更加有的放矢。
So, at the first stage of learning, you need to understand every basic paradigm of the industry so that you can be more targeted when you're collating it.
至于如何快速了解这个基本范式，常用的方法就是提高你的阅读量，有基本的了解程度。也可以直接找一个相对比较懂行的人直接提问，能得到一个相对比较中肯靠谱的结果。
The common way to get a quick understanding of this basic paradigm is to improve your reading and basic understanding.
在第二个阶段，你要有意识地把每个问题想得更深一点，每次都让自己去想一些不同的角度，然后努力让自己的思考系统化，我们每一个人都在做这样的事情，本身也没什么捷径可走。
In the second phase, you have to think a little deeper about each issue, each time you think about different angles, and then try to systematize your thinking. Each of us is doing something like this, and there is no shortcut in itself.
当然很多人会一直停留在第一阶段，他们太容易被时髦的东西吸引走，因为这个行业经常会出现一些新的名词和概念。
Of course, a lot of people will stay in the first phase, and they are too easily attracted to fashionable things, because the industry often comes up with new terms and concepts.
所以很重要的点在于，你最开始要对一个东西了解得足够细致，在这个过程当中锻炼自己的思维能力，然后生成判断其它事物的能力和自信。
So it's important that you start to know one thing in detail enough to develop your own thinking skills in this process and then generate the ability and self-confidence to judge the other.
当然在这个过程中，不要把自己局限在一个小世界里，要把自己跟很广大的世界联动起来。当你在面对一个议题的时候，你起码知道学术界有一些已有的成果放在那里，你可以去吸收和接受它。
Of course, in this process, do not confine yourself to a small world, connect yourself to a vast world. When you face an issue, at least you know that there is something in the academic world that you can absorb and accept.
换句话说，如果你想很严肃的对待这个问题的话，你只能去更大的智慧当中去寻找一个小问题的解决，而不是在一个很小的世界里面寻找一个大问题的解决。
In other words, if you want to take this issue seriously, you'll have to go to the greater wisdom to find a solution to a small problem, not a big one in a very small world.
最后有几句话想送给大家：希望大家都多关心事情的对错本身。复杂的世界里会出现，也应该出现很多不同的声音，但一定要相信有能够比较不同观点、不同看法的标准存在。理解或者找寻这样的标准，就是我们要做的事。
Finally, there are a few words that I would like to share with you: I hope that we all care more about what is right and wrong. There are many different voices that should appear in the complex world of `strung', but we must believe that there are criteria that can compare different views and differences of opinion.
但是，对事物本身的判断，则始终与更广大的知识世界相连，与我们的认知能力相连，也唯有这个，是我们应该不断磨练的东西。
But judging things themselves is always linked to the wider world of knowledge, to our cognitive capacity, and that is the only thing that we should constantly exercise.
保持思考和比较的习惯（只有比较的习惯能帮助你摆脱偏听偏信），对大的概念保持警惕。
Keeping the habit of thinking and comparing (only a comparative habit can help you get rid of your paranoia) and being vigilant about the big concept.
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