最近，区块链的热度霸屏朋友圈，从主流媒体到自媒体，大家都在讨论区块链到底是什么？在了解区块链过程中、比特币成为迈不过去的一个坎、因为区块链是一种技术、而比特币是区块链的一个具体应用，但是你知道吗？历史上的今天是比特币白皮书正式发布之日，今天刚好是比特币白皮书发布的第11周年。
Recently, the hotness of the block chain has dominated the circle of friends, from mainstream media to from the media, and everyone is debating what the block chain is. In understanding the block chain, Bitcoin has become an intransigent Canon, because the block chain is a technology, and bitcoin is a specific application of the block chain, but you know what? History today is the official date of the Bitcoin White Paper, and today coincides with the eleventh anniversary of the Bitcoin White Paper.
时间回到2008年的10月31日，一个(也许是一伙人)自称中本聪的密码学极客在“metzdowd.com（密码朋克）”网站的邮件列表中发表了一篇论文，题为《比特币：一种点对点式的电子现金系统》，人称“比特币白皮书”。
Back on 31 October 2008, a cryptographer (perhaps a group of people) claiming to be a medium-breathing human being published a paper entitled Bitcoin: a point-to-point electronic cash system, known as the Bitcoin White Paper, in the mailing list of the “metzdowd.com” website.
这份发给加密邮件列表订阅者的白皮书，向用户描述了一种革命性的技术，从而创建了世界上第一个真正的、点对点和去中心化的货币体系。这种货币最大的特点是支付不再需要通过第三方，也完全不是由政府或公司实体发行的。中本聪在开头的几句话就精彩地总结了比特币的基本属性:
This white paper, which is sent to subscribers to the encrypted mailing list, describes to users a revolutionary technology that creates the world’s first real, point-to-point and decentralised monetary system. The most important feature of this currency is that payments no longer need to be issued through third parties or by government or corporate entities at all. In the opening words, Ben-Hear provides an excellent summary of the basic properties of Bitcoin:
“本文提出了一种完全通过点对点技术实现的电子现金系统，它使得在线支付能够直接由一方发起并支付给另外一方，中间不需要通过任何的金融机构。虽然数字签名部分解决了这个问题，但是如果仍然需要第三方的支持才能防止双重支付的话，那么这种系统也就失去了存在的价值。我们在此提出一种解决方案，使现金系统在点对点的环境下运行，并防止双重支付问题。该网络通过随机散列对全部交易加上时间戳，将它们合并入一个不断延伸的基于随机散列的工作量证明的链条作为交易记录，除非重新完成全部的工作量证明，形成的交易记录将不可更改”。
“This paper proposes an electronic cash system to be achieved exclusively through point-to-point technology, which enables online payments to be initiated and paid directly by one party to the other, without the need for any financial institution to do so. While digital signatures partially resolve this problem, the system loses its value if third-party support is still needed to prevent double payments. Here we propose a solution to make cash systems run in a point-to-point environment and to prevent double payments. The network combines all transactions by random hash with time stampes, integrating them into an extended chain of random hash-based workload certification as a transaction record, unless full workload certification is re-completed.
根据白皮书的内容，比特币设计的初心就是作为一种被人类广泛使用的货币，一种有别于现行法币系统，并且无法被强权消灭的点对点货币。但是，随着比特币的发展，它已经脱离了这个轨道。
According to the White Paper, Bitcoin was designed as a currency widely used by humans, a point-to-point currency that is different from the current legal currency system and cannot be eliminated by the powerful. But, with Bitcoin’s development, it is out of the way.
首先，随着比特币的发展，使用比特币的用户增加，其网络变的拥堵，确认交易等待时间变长，失去了货币所具有的即时性。其次，比特币有一个名为“RBF”的漏洞，它增加了双重支付的风险，而且因为比特币交易需要多次确认从而导致交易可以撤销，增加了交易的风险。最重要的是因为其交易手续费变的非常高，已经失去了很多用户，失去了作为一种货币的本质。
First, with the development of bitcoin, the number of users of bitcoin has increased, its network has become crowded, confirming that transactions are waiting longer and losing the immediate nature of the money. Second, Bitcoin has a gap called the “RBF”, which increases the risk of double payment, and because bitcoin transactions require multiple confirmations that they can be avoided, thus increasing the risk of transactions. Most importantly, because of the very high transaction fees, many users have been lost and lost their nature as a currency.
比特币现金（BCH）的出现，慢慢取代了比特币，成为最符合中本聪白皮书的“比特币”。比特币现金（BCH）通过对比特币技术上的改变，删除了隔离验证（SegWit），取消了区块大小1M的限制，初始默认8MB大小的区块，坚持链上扩容，更好的实现中本聪白皮书叙述的“点对点的加密电子现金系统”。
The emergence of Bitcoin cash (BCH) has slowly replaced Bitcoin as the “bitcoin” best suited to the Chinese white paper. The Bitcoin cash (BCH) has been technically modified by the bitcoin, removing SegWit, removing block size 1M limitation, initially defaulting on block size 8MB, insisting on chain build-up, and better achieving the “point-to-point encrypted electronic cash system” described in the Chinese white paper.
比特币现金（BCH）不仅拥有比特币所拥有的去中心化、全世界流通的特点，还具有目前比特币所不具备的低手续、网络确认快的优势，最重要的是不会发生双重支付的问题。由此可以看出，比特币现金（BCH）才是最符合比特币初心的点对点电子货币系统。
Bitcoin cash (BCH) not only has the decentralized features of bitcoin, worldwide circulation, but also the low-procedures that Bitcoin does not currently have, the advantage of network recognition, and, most importantly, the problem of double payment. As can be seen, bitcoin cash (BCH) is the point-to-point electronic currency system best suited to Bitcoin’s initial heart.
今日，是比特币白皮书正式发布的11周年。当前比特币区块高度达到601,747，距离2020年区块奖励减半还有约196天。 自2009年开始，目前累计奖励矿工的比特币已超过20万枚。按当前价格计算，这些比特币的总值为18.6亿美元，已经超过10亿美元。 北京时间10月19日08:04，比特币区块高度到达了600,000，第1800万个比特币已被挖出，目前比特币的流通供应量已经占据了比特币总量的85%。
Today, it is the eleventh anniversary of the official publication of the Bitcoin White Paper. The Bitcoin block is now high at 601,747, about 196 days before the 2020 block reward is halved.
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