随着国内监管趋严，比特币等虚拟货币的“挖矿”可能会在中国成为历史，大部分“矿工”将会转移到其他国家，但仍有部分“矿工”可能从此转入地下。而有些在“韭菜盛宴”中亏损的年轻人，仍在期盼暴富神话发生在自己身上。
With the tightening of domestic regulations, virtual currencies such as Bitcoin & & & & rdquo; may become history in China, mostly & & & & & & & ; miners & & & & ; will be transferred to other countries, but some & & & & quo; miners & & &, may go underground. Some of them are in & & & & & rdquo; and young people who lose and lose in China are still hoping that the myths of wealth will happen to themselves.
---------------
“原本想抄底的，没想到（被）抄家了。”身处好几个“炒币”微信群，刘均（化名）这几天亲眼看到了一场“韭菜盛宴”。作为自媒体人，他长期关注虚拟货币市场，业余时间也投入了一些资金去“炒币”。在他看来，如今的虚拟货币市场早已没有了当初吸引自己的氛围，而是充斥着谎言和“空气币”。
& & & ldquo; originally tried to copy it, but didn't think it was possible to get rid of it. & rdquo; in several & & ldquo; coins & rdquo; microscopic group, Liu & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &, as a mediaman, he has been following the virtual money market for a long time, and he has invested some money in his spare time & & & & & & & & rdquao;, in his view, the virtual money market is no longer attractive to himself but full of lies and & & & & ldquao; air currency & & & & ;
5月23日晚，虚拟货币再次集体崩盘，其中比特币跌幅一度超过16%，莱特币、以太坊也跌了不少。一个月前，比特币还是6万多美元一枚，转眼间就跌到3万多美元了。这离上一回暴跌可还没过去几天。
On the night of May 23, the virtual currency collapsed once again, with bitcoin falling by more than 16 per cent, and Letco and Etheria falling by a lot. A month ago, Bitcoin was more than $60,000 and fell to more than $30,000 in the eye.
5月19日，虚拟货币市场也几乎全线崩溃，比特币日内跌幅最多超过三成，一度跌破3万美元，今年以来价格急速蹿升的狗狗币日内跌幅将近55%，币安、火币、OKEx三大交易所的平台币也暴跌超过4成。由此导致大量交易者“爆仓”，亏损超过460亿美元。
On May 19, the virtual currency market also collapsed almost on a full-line basis, with a peak of more than 30% in Bitcoin, a one-time drop of 30,000 dollars, and nearly 55% in dogs with fast price hikes since this year, as well as a sharp fall of more than 40% in the platform currency of the three major exchanges – the currency, the gun, and the OKEx. This has led to a large number of traders & ldquao; the explosion of the warehouse & the rdquao; and a loss of more than $46 billion.
监管政策前所未有的严格，是虚拟货币全线暴跌的重要原因。5月18日，中国互联网金融协会、中国银行业协会以及中国支付清算协会联合发布防范虚拟货币交易炒作风险的公告。5月21日，国务院金融稳定发展委员会会议明确提出，打击比特币挖矿和交易行为。
On May 18, the China Internet Finance Association, the China Banking Association, and the China Payment Settlement Association jointly issued a bulletin to protect against the risk of virtual currency transactions. On May 21, the State Council Committee on Financial Stability and Development made a clear proposal to combat Bitcoin mining and trading.
业内人士指出，随着国内监管趋严，比特币等虚拟货币的“挖矿”可能会在中国成为历史，大部分“矿工”将会转移到其他国家，但仍有部分“矿工”可能从此转入地下。而有些在“韭菜盛宴”中亏损的年轻人，仍在期盼暴富神话发生在自己身上。
Industry sources point out that, as domestic regulation becomes tighter, &ldquo of virtual currency such as Bitcoin; mining & rdquao; most & & & rdquao; miners & & rdquao; will be transferred to other countries, but some & & & & rdquao; miners & & rdquao; may go underground from here. Some of them are & & & & & & rdquao; and young people who are still losing and losing are still looking for their own rich myths to happen.
“一句话就可以控制币价的走向”
&ldquao; a single sentence controls the direction of the currency price & rdquao;
在虚拟货币界，比特币、以太坊的价值备受公认，市值和流通性也位居前列，紧随其后的是各种小币种。从年初开始，狗狗币（DOGE Coin）异军突起，此前，这个原本只是程序员玩笑的小币种的价格一直都没有大幅波动。
In the virtual currency world, the values of Bitcoin and Etheria are well recognized, and market value and liquidity are at the forefront, followed by a variety of small currencies. Since the beginning of the year, the price of the Doge Coin has not fluctuated significantly since the beginning of the year.
转变发生在今年。2月初，特斯拉创始人伊隆·马斯克多次在社交媒体发文力挺狗狗币，带动狗狗币价格暴涨60%。今年以来，狗狗币价格屡创新高，在几个月内涨幅超过200多倍，市值也一度达到约920亿美元。
At the beginning of February, Tesla’s founder, Iron & Middot; and Muskeh, who, on a number of occasions in social media, raised the price of the dog price by 60%. Since this year, the price of the dog price has been innovative, rising more than 200 times in a few months, with a market value of about $92 billion at one time.
狗狗币的猛涨刺激了更多币圈人的“创新”，“柴犬币”“猪猪币”“皮卡丘币”“乌龟币”等币种也开始出现，币圈俨然就要变成“虚拟动物园”。但在业内人士看来，这些无一例外都是没有实际价值的“空气币”，而且背后往往都有“庄家”在操盘。
The & & & & & rdquo; & & & & & rdquao; & & & & & & rdquao; & & & & & & & & & & ; & & & & & & & & & & & & Quo; & & & & & & & & & & &, & & & & & & & & &, & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &, & & & & & &, & & & & & & &, & & & & & &, & & & & &,, & &, & & &. & & &. & &. & & &. & & &.. & & & &.
刘均认为，从市场行情的暴涨暴跌来判断，以马斯克为代表的机构正是虚拟货币幕后操盘的赢家。他举例称：当马斯克宣称可以用比特币购买特斯拉，比特币就涨了1000美元；当他宣布特斯拉暂停使用比特币支付，币价就应声下跌10%。
Liu argued that the institution represented by Mask was the winner behind the virtual currency curtain, judging by the surge in market dynamics. For example, when Musk claimed that Tesla could be bought in bitcoin, Bitcoin rose by $1,000; when he announced that Tesla would suspend the use of bitcoin, the price fell by 10 per cent.
刘均一度将马斯克视为偶像，但这段时间他改变了想法：“带头利空的是他，带头喊多的也是他，一句话就可以控制币价的走向。”作为当局者，他如今只希望机构和资本可以“带头拉盘”，适当维持比特币等主流代币的价格。
Liu, who once saw Mask as an idol, changed his mind: & ldquo; he was the leader, and he was the leader, and he was the leader, and he was the leader, so that a word could control the price of the currency. & & rdquo; as an authority, he now hopes only that institutions and capital can & ldquao; take the lead in pulling the plate & rdquao; and maintain the price of mainstream tokens, such as bitcoin, properly.
欧易OKEx研究院研究员威廉分析，此次“5·19币市暴跌”，既是因为虚拟货币市场累积了大量泡沫，也是因为马斯克等人的负面言论动摇了市场对比特币价格的信心。
William, researcher at the EuiOKEx Institute, analyzes this & ldquo; 5· 19-dollar collapse & & rdquao; both because of the accumulation of large bubbles in the virtual currency market and because of negative statements by Musk et al. that have shaken the market’s confidence in the price of the foreign currency.
今年2月初，比特币价格一直徘徊在3万美元/枚左右反复，但随着马斯克宣布特斯拉买入比特币并频繁喊单，市场情绪又被带动起来，带动比特币单价直接涨到6万美元左右。但在“5·19”前夕，马斯克又频繁发表对比特币不利的言论，包括特斯拉停止接受比特币支付，动摇了市场的信心。威廉认为，过去几周，市场追捧的大多数动物币完全是市场非理性行为的体现，反映出市场的巨大泡沫。
By the beginning of February, bitcoin prices had been hovering around $30,000 per unit, but market sentiment had been driven back to about $60,000 as Musk announced Tesla’s purchase of bitcoins and frequent billings. But, on the eve of “ 5· 19” and on the eve, Musk made frequent statements against bitcoins, including Tesla’s cessation of its acceptance of Bitcoin payments, which had shaken market confidence. William argued that most of the animal coins that the market pursued in the past few weeks had been a complete manifestation of the market’s irrational behaviour and reflected the market’s huge bubble.
资金“出入通道”被堵，“挖矿”或将在中国成历史
funds&ldquao; access routes&rdquao; blocked, &ldquao; mining & rdquao; or will become history in China
对于虚拟货币市场的炒作升级，监管部门也在上周出手。5月18日，中国互联网金融协会、中国银行业协会、中国支付清算协会联合发布公告，要求会员机构不得开展虚拟货币交易兑换以及其他相关金融业务，坚决抵制虚拟货币相关非法金融活动，不为虚拟货币交易提供账户和支付结算、宣传展示等服务。
On May 18, the Chinese Internet Finance Association, the Chinese Banking Association and the Chinese Payments Clearing Association issued a joint announcement demanding that member institutions should not engage in virtual currency exchange and other related financial operations, firmly boycotting illicit financial activities related to virtual currency, and failing to provide account and payment settlements, publicity and other services for virtual currency transactions.
有业内人士指出，上述监管措施相当于堵住了人民币与虚拟货币的提现渠道，可以保护许多小白投资者。威廉也认为，这相当于堵住了虚拟货币与法定货币之间的“出入通道”，用户投资的虚拟货币无法变现，对于新用户而言是致命打击。
According to some insiders, these regulatory measures are tantamount to blocking channels for the withdrawal of the renminbi and virtual currency, and can protect many small white investors. William agrees that they are equivalent to blocking the & ldquo between the virtual and the statutory currency; the access route & rdquo; and that the virtual currency of the user’s investment cannot be realized and is a deadly blow to new users.
广州的投资者小孙这几天想通过火币等虚拟货币交易平台继续购买虚拟货币，但在支付环节被拦下了。“支付宝提示为危险交易，直接不让我付款了，我感觉有点虚。”在他的印象里，这种情况出现得非常少，再考虑到最近币市暴涨暴跌，“干脆就没买了”。
In the days that Guangzhou’s investor Sun wanted to continue buying virtual currency through virtual money trading platforms such as a gun price, but was stopped at the payment chain. & ldquo; payment tips were a dangerous transaction, and I didn’t want to pay. ” in his impression, this happened very little, taking into account the recent surge and collapse of the currency market, & & ldquo; simply not buying & rdquo;
北京大成律师事务所合伙人、中国银行法学研究会理事肖飒表示，监管部门对于比特币等加密数字代币的监管从未松懈，尤其是国务院金融稳定发展委员会会议，明确提出“打击比特币挖矿和交易行为”，这意味着比特币挖矿及其他加密代币的“挖矿”行为，在我国已确定将成为历史。
Xiao Xiao, a partner in Beijing and member of the Law Research Council of the Bank of China, stated that regulatory supervision of encrypted digital tokens, such as bitcoin, had never been relaxed, particularly at the meetings of the State Council Committee on Financial Stability and Development, which had clearly proposed & ldquao; the fight against bitcoin mining and trading & & rdquao; which meant & ldquao of bitcoin and other encrypted tokens; the mining & rdquao; and the conduct of which had been determined to be history in our country.
一些地方也出手全面清理关停虚拟货币“挖矿”项目。5月18日，内蒙古自治区能耗双控应急指挥部办公室印发《关于设立虚拟货币“挖矿”企业举报平台的公告》，全面受理关于虚拟货币“挖矿”企业问题信访举报，主要涉及四类企业：虚拟货币“挖矿”企业；伪装成数据中心享受税收、土地、电价等方面优惠政策的虚拟货币“挖矿”企业；为从事虚拟货币“挖矿”企业提供场地租赁等服务的企业；通过非法手段获取电力供应，从事虚拟货币“挖矿”业务的企业。
On 18 May, the Office of the Energy Employable Double Emergency Command of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region issued a bulletin on the establishment of a virtual currency & ldquo; mine mining & rdquo; enterprise reporting platform, which comprehensively handles information on virtual currency & ldquo; mining & rdquo; business fact-finding reports, mainly covering four types of enterprises: virtual currency & ldquo; mining & rdquo; enterprises; virtual currency disguised as data centres enjoying preferential policies in the areas of taxation, land, electricity prices, etc.; mining & & rdquo; enterprises engaged in mining; enterprises engaged in virtual currency & & & ldquo; mining & & rdquo; providing services such as site leasing; obtaining electricity through illegal means; virtual currency & & ldquo; mining & & & dquo; businesses operating.
由计算机和显卡组成的“矿池”，是虚拟货币行业的上游产业。今年4月，中国科学院、清华大学的学者发表的《中国比特币区块链运行的碳排放量与可持续性的政策评估》论文预估，位于中国的矿池占全球算力的78%左右。
& ldquo, a computer and graphic card; a pond & rdquo; and a virtual currency industry. In April of this year, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Qinghua University scholars produced a paper entitled “Policy assessment of carbon emissions and sustainability in the operation of the sector chain in Bitcoin, China” which estimated that ponds in China account for about 78% of global computing power.
如此众多的“挖矿”设备，不仅带动了显卡、硬盘等产品的价格暴涨，也消耗了大量电能。上述学者分析，若没有任何政策干预，中国比特币区块链的年能耗预计将在2024年达到峰值296.59太瓦时，产生1.305亿公吨碳排放，约占中国发电的碳排放量的5.41%。这个规模，超过了捷克和卡塔尔的年度温室气体排放总量。
Such a large number of “ mining & rdquo; equipment, which not only caused price hikes in products such as graphic cards, hard drives, etc., consumes large amounts of electricity. The above-mentioned scholars have analysed that, without any policy intervention, China’s annual energy consumption in the Bitcoin sector chain is expected to peak at 296.59 tWh in 2024, generating 130.5 million metric tons of carbon emissions, or 5.41 per cent of China’s carbon emissions from electricity generation. This size exceeds the total annual greenhouse gas emissions of the Czech Republic and Qatar.
有“挖矿”人士称，内蒙古出台的上述政策是一个信号，原本分布在四川、新疆、内蒙古等地的矿场主将会进一步向海外转移。目前，已经有不少矿场主在发布非洲、西亚、东欧等地区的海外矿场招商信息。
There are “ mining & & rdquo; according to some sources, the above-mentioned policy in Inner Mongolia is a signal that mine owners in Sichuan, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, etc. will move further overseas. There are already a number of mine owners publishing information on overseas mining outlets in Africa, Western Asia, Eastern Europe, etc.
全球监管同趋严，仍有人想“入场”
事实上，对虚拟货币严格监管已是全球许多监管部门的共识。
Indeed, strict regulation of virtual currencies has become a global consensus in many regulatory sectors.
在虚拟货币交易最为活跃的美国，该国财政部最近发布的一份报告指出，虚拟货币为包括逃税在内的非法活动提供便利，为此他们制定了新的金融账户报告制度。未来，虚拟货币和加密资产交易账户，以及接受虚拟货币的支付服务账户将纳入政府监测范畴，市值1万美元以上的加密资产相关交易需向美国国税局报备。
In the United States, where virtual currency transactions are most active, the Department of the Treasury recently released a report that states that virtual currency facilitates illegal activities, including tax evasion, by developing a new financial account reporting system. In the future, virtual currency and encrypted asset transaction accounts, as well as payment services accounts that receive virtual currency, will be subject to government monitoring, and transactions related to encrypted assets with a market value of over $10,000 will have to be reported to the US IRS.
新加坡、韩国、日本等地均已出台了相关行业规范政策，比如在投资人门槛、交易所牌照、KYC识别（实名认证机制）等方面均有所要求。印度则准备直接禁止民众交易及持有加密数字货币。威廉分析，世界各国均已认识到虚拟货币市场的风险，预计相关监管政策将陆续出台，虚拟货币市场将承受一定的压力，迎来一波暴跌。
In Singapore, South Korea, Japan, etc., industry-related regulatory policies have been put in place, for example, on investor thresholds, exchange license plates, and KYC recognition (a real-name certification mechanism). India is prepared to ban people directly from trading and holding encrypted digital money.
香港特别行政区政府在政策文件中建议，对虚拟资产服务提供者进行打击洗钱与恐怖融资方面的合规监管。香港特区政府还计划，在2022年年底前就设立虚拟货币交易所的强制发牌制度，向香港立法会递交法律修订草案。这意味着，未来只有持牌交易所才可以在香港合法提供虚拟货币交易服务。
In its policy document, the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) proposes to regulate compliance by virtual asset service providers in the area of combating money-laundering and terrorist financing. The HKSAR Government also plans to submit to the Hong Kong Legislative Council, by the end of 2022, a draft law on a mandatory licensing system for the establishment of a virtual currency exchange. This means that in the future only licensed exchanges can legally provide virtual currency trading services in Hong Kong.
肖飒认为，目前严格监管已经是普遍共识，但仍然存在着诸多挑战。例如，利用技术确定从事炒币、挖矿等的对象，进行精确的监管和控制存在一定的困难，虚拟货币的交易具有去中介化、去国界化、非当面性、匿名性以及交易的快捷性等特征，存在一定的监管真空。
According to Shaw, strict regulation is now widely agreed, but many challenges remain. For example, there are difficulties in using technology to identify targets for currency speculation, mining, etc., precise regulation and control, and there is a regulatory vacuum in virtual currency transactions characterized by de-mediatedization, de-borderization, de-faceability, anonymity, and speed of transactions.
此外，监管范围更广，难度也更大。这几年币圈火热，挖矿者、炒币者众多，不仅可以利用实体矿机挖矿，也可利用云算力进行挖矿，既存在着大规模的矿场，也存在小规模的个人、团体挖矿，对于小规模、小范围的挖矿，存在着难以监管的困难。而且监管效果也难以确定，一些机构存在于国内的仅仅是其技术公司，而机构主体位于海外，难以对其形成有效的监管，或者处于我国的监管范围之外，却已经对我国的金融安全造成了威胁。
It is also difficult to regulate small-scale and small-scale mining. And it is difficult to determine the regulatory effects of the presence of institutions in the country that are merely their technical companies, and whose owners are overseas and are unable to establish effective regulation or are outside the control of the country, which already poses a threat to our financial security.
不过，各国强化监管也没能挡住一些人的亢奋热情。刘均注意到，币市暴跌之后的几天，币圈很多人又在为“抄底”还是“离场”争论不休。有些“币圈老人”在释放“抄底”信号，也有部分年轻人仍在“坚持信仰”，通过购买云算力、转移“矿场”等方式规避监管，还有一些人在朋友圈转发利好比特币的消息，试图证明比特币是比美元更有效的价值存储资产。
However, countries have not strengthened their regulations to keep some people from getting excited. Liu has noticed that in the days following the collapse of the currency market, many people in the currency ring are “ copying &rdquao; or & & & rdquao; off-site & & rdquao; arguing. Some & & & & & ldquao; releasing & ldquao; copying & rdquao; signaling that some young people are still & & & & & rdquao; adhering to faith & & & rdquao; & transferring & & & & rdquao through the purchase of cloud computing; mining & & rdquao; and, by way of circumventing regulation, some are trying to prove that bitco is a more valuable asset than the dollar.
在币圈时间久了，刘均也逐渐明白了一个道理：一次暴跌可能只是下一次炒作的开始，可能又有一群年轻人准备“入场”。“只要造富神话还在，这种事情就可能不会停止。”
Over time in the currency circle, Liu Quan has come to understand one thing: a crash may be only the beginning of the next campaign, and a group of young people may be preparing & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & quo; & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & Quo; this may not stop as long as the myth of wealth is still in place. & & rdquo;
中青报·中青网记者 王林 来源：中国青年报
China Youth Journal & Middot; Chinese Youth Network Reporter Wang Lin Source: China Youth News
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