一、前言
I, foreword
Web3.0概念自2021年第四季度突然火起来，如图1所示为Web3.0的搜索热度统计。然而，业界还远远没有到统一概念Web3.0的时候。对于Web3.0的概念、内涵，业界有着各种各样的说法。本系列短文旨在对业界的Web3.0做一个简要的整理和介绍。我们努力进行客观的描述，也并不试图给出Web3.0的定义，且让烟雾再飘一会儿。由于业界有的称Web3.0有的称Web3，我们这里也不做区分的使用这两种说法，同样地，本系列中Web1=Web1.0， Web2=Web2.0，以下将不再单独说明。
The Web3.0 concept has been on fire since the fourth quarter of 2021, as shown in figure 1 for search heat statistics for Web3.0. However, the industry is still far from the time of the unification of the Web3.0 concept. There are a variety of expressions about the content of Web3.0. This short series is intended to make a brief compilation and presentation of Web3.0 for industry. We try to provide an objective description, and we do not attempt to define Web3.0 and allow the smoke to float again for a while. Since industry has some references to Web3.0 as Web3, we do not use the two uses of the distinction. Similarly, Web1 = Web1.0, Web2 = Web 2.0 in this series will not be described separately.
图1 Web3.0热度
Figure 1. Web3.0 Heat
当然，在讨论web3.0之前，且让我们看看，Web1.0和Web2.0是什么样的。
Of course, before discussing web3.0, let's see what Web1.0 and Web 2.0 are like.
二、Web1.0
1989年，CERN（欧洲粒子物理研究所）中由 Tim Berners-Lee 领导的小组提交了一个针对互联网的新协议和一个使用该协议的文档系统，该小组将这个新系统命名为 World Wide Web，简称 WWW（万维网），它的目的在于使全球的科学家能够利用互联网来交流自己的工作文档。其采用的技术主要是HTML、URI 、URL、HTTP等，可以通过静态的方式展示网页内容。
In 1989, the CERN team, led by Tim Berners-Lee, presented a new protocol for the Internet and a document system using the agreement, which was named WorldWideWeb, the World Wide Web, with the aim of enabling scientists around the world to use the Internet to exchange their work files. The technologies used are mainly HTML, URL, URL, HTTP, etc., and web content can be displayed in a static manner.
后来这个新系统被设计为，互联网上任意一个用户都可以从许多文档服务计算机的数据库中搜索和获取文档，后来逐渐发展成为我们今天熟知的互联网。这个时代最典型的应用有：Netscape、yahoo等。
The new system was then designed to allow any user on the Internet to search and retrieve documents from the databases of many document service computers, and has evolved into the Internet, which we know today. The most typical applications of this era are Netscape, yahoo, etc.
随着技术的发展，为了方便定义后来的Web2.0等，人们把这种最初的仅具备静态网页的Web称为Web1.0。Web1.0的称呼并不是一开始就有的。就如通信技术的1G、2G通信，也是后来予以定义的。
As technology develops, to facilitate the definition of later Web 2.0 and so on, the original Web site with only static web pages is called Web1.0. Web1.0 is not called from the outset. For example, 1G and 2G communications in communications technology are defined later.
在Web1.0 的情况下，网页内容是只读的、静态的，类似于杂志，只能看不能修改、不能互动。在Web1.0下，用户只是信息（网页）的消费者。
In the case of Web1.0, the content is read-only, static, similar to the magazine, and cannot be modified or interacted. Under Web1.0, the user is only the consumer of information.
Web1.0的主要特征有[1]：
The main features of Web1.0 are [1]:
- 网页是由文本和图像内容构成的静态网页；
- Web布局是使用HTML创建的；
- 网站由Web服务器管理员托管和维护；
- 同一个页面在不同浏览器中显示可能相同；
- 用户将不得不刷新内容的页面才能查看更新后的内容；
- Web前端技术有HTML、PHP、ASP、JSP；
- Web浏览器；
- Web服务器；
- 数据托管在集中式服务器。
三、Web2.0
III, Web 2.0
Web2.0的概念最早出现于2004年，是O’Reilly 出版社的创始人Tim O’Reilly在2004年的O’ReillyWeb Conference （San Francisco ，October5-7, 2004）提出的。
The concept of Web 2.0 was first introduced in 2004 by Tim O'Reilly, founder of O'Reilly Press, in 2004 by O'ReillyWeb Conference (San Francisco, October5-7, 2004).
随着技术的发展，Web 2.0具有如下特点[2]：
With the development of technology, Web 2.0 has the following characteristics [2]:
a)Web作为平台
(a) Web as a platform
b)利用集体智慧（用户参与）
b) Use of collective wisdom (user participation)
c)数据为核心Data Inside
c) Data is core Data inside
d)软件发布周期的结束
(d) End of the software dissemination cycle
e)轻量级的编程模型
(e) Lightweight programming models
f)软件不再针对单个设备
f) Software is no longer specific to individual devices
g)丰富的用户体验
(g) A rich user experience
此外，Web2.0还具有如下特点[3]（注：不同的文献从不同的角度进行归纳）
In addition, Web 2.0 has the following characteristics [3] (Note: different literature is summarized from different angles)
- Web on Everything//Web无处不在
- Web 2.0=Rich Web Clients//富客户端（即功能强大的客户端）
- Compound Doc Formats, WebApps//复合文档格式，web小程序
- APIs (AJAX) and Formats
四、Web1.0与Web2.0
文献[2]详细分析对比了Web1.0和Web2.0，如图2所示。
A detailed analysis of the literature[2] compares Web1.0 and Web 2.0 as shown in figure 2.
图2 Web1.0进化到Web2.0
Figure 2 Web1.0 Evolution to Web 2.0
在经济属性方面，Web1.0下是信息经济，Web2.0下是平台经济。Web2.0催生了当今的互联网企业，如Google、Facebook（改为meta）、Amazon、淘宝、京东等。
In terms of economic attributes, Web1.0 is the information economy, and Web 2.0 is the platform economy. Web 2.0 is a catalyst for today’s Internet enterprises such as Google, Facebook (renamed Meta), Amazon, treasure-hunting, Kyoto, etc.
[1] MaheshChand, What Is Web3, https://www.c-sharpcorner.com/article/what-is-Web3-or-Web-3-0/
[2] O‘Reilly《What Is Web 2.0》：https//www.oreilly.com/pub/a/Web2/archive/what-is-Web-20.html
[3] WorldWide Web Consortium: Web 3.0 Emerging， https://www.w3.org/2007/Talks/0123-sb-W3CEmergingTech/Overviewp.pdf
内容编辑：李德全 责任编辑：王星凯
Content Editor: All Reed, Responsible Editor: Neptune Kai
本公众号原创文章仅代表作者观点，不代表绿盟科技立场。所有原创内容版权均属绿盟科技研究通讯。未经授权，严禁任何媒体以及微信公众号复制、转载、摘编或以其他方式使用，转载须注明来自绿盟科技研究通讯并附上本文链接。
The original article represents only the author’s opinion and does not represent the Green League’s scientific position. All original content copyrights are the Green League’s Science and Technology Research Newsletter.
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