比特币究竟是一种什么东西？带着种种疑问，记者不久前参加了一场杭州比特币炒家组织的沙龙，希望揭开蒙在比特币上的神秘面纱。
比特币利益链“比特币”(bitcoin)突然火了。而随着雅安地震后，网上传言某基金宣布接受比特币捐款，比特币更是一时声名大噪，人人都在打听：这是种什么“钱”？
Bitcoin suddenly went on fire. And after the Jaan earthquake, it was said online that a fund had announced its acceptance of a bitcoin contribution, and that bitcoin was famous for a while, and everyone was asking: What kind of money is this?
炒家们认为它“重新发明了货币”、“货币2.0”；反对者说它是“傻子、疯子、骗子玩的游戏”。
The scaffolders think it's “re-invented money”, “currency 2.0”, and the opponents say it's “a game played by fools, lunatics, liars”.
比特币究竟是一种什么东西？带着种种疑问，记者不久前参加了一场杭州比特币炒家组织的沙龙，希望揭开蒙在比特币上的神秘面纱。
What is a bitcoin? With all sorts of questions, journalists recently took part in a salon organized by the Bitcoin family in Hangzhou, hoping to unmask the mystery veil on the bitcoin.
声称总量恒定不会贬值 “过山车”行情两天跌掉一半多
claims that the volume will never depreciate by more than half in two days.
小撒今年26岁，浙江某大学硕士，毕业后留杭工作。今年2月的一天，在一个QQ群里，小撒第一次听说 “比特币”。“虚拟货币”、“几个月涨几倍”，这些关键词瞬间吸引了小撒。
Siu-sa, 26 years old, a Master's degree from Zhejiang University, has been working since graduation. On a day in February this year, in a group of QQs, he first heard of the word “bitcoin”; “virtual currency”, “a few times in a few months”, these keywords suddenly attracted Xiao-sao.
在网上花了整整三天时间研究后，小撒认定：“如果成功，这将可能会是千亿级别的机会！”社交网络造就了扎克伯格的财富神话，小撒觉得下一个财富神话很可能出自移动支付领域，也许就是比特币。
After a full three-day study on the Internet, Xiaoza concluded: “If successful, it could be a hundreds of billions of years of opportunity!” Social networks created Zuckerberg's myth of wealth, and it felt that the next myth of wealth might come from the area of mobile payments, perhaps Bitcoin.
此时，比特币的行情是100多元人民币一个，小撒买了一些。而随后的“过山车”行情则让小撒心惊肉跳。
At this point, Bitcoin's behavior was 100 yuan, and a little bit of it was bought. And then the "climbing" business gave him a chilling heart.
如3月27日是488元一个，4月10日冲高到1546元，4月12日，两天时间跌掉一半多(730元)，4 月17日又回到 420元……
If it was 488 on March 27, 1546 on April 10, more than half in two days (730) on April 12, and 420 on April 17...
2个月时间，小撒在几次“过山车”中补仓减仓，羡慕着国内如李笑来、长铗这样的“大佬”们已经赚得满盆满钵，怜悯着暴跌之后的损失惨重的玩家，也自叹着因为阶段性加仓“没赚多少钱”。
Over a period of two months, Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao, Xiao Xiao Xiao, Xiao Xiao Xiang, Xiao Xiao Xiao Xiao, Xiao Xiao Xiao, Xiao Xiao, Xiao Xiao, Xiao Xiao, Xiao Xiao, Xiao Xiao, Xiang, Xiao Xiao, Xiao Xiao, Xiao Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiao, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiao, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, Xiang, X, X, X, Xiang, X, Xiang, Xiang, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X
但小撒说，他看好的是长线，他准备要长期持币。在他眼中，比特币不止是一种虚拟货币，更代表世界政治经济一体化思潮。即使比特币最后没成功，也是人们突破地域限制的一种尝试。
In his view, Bitcoin is more than a virtual currency, and more a reflection of the world’s political and economic integration. Even if Bitcoin did not succeed, it is an attempt to break the geographical limit.
“如果现在某个政府出面阻挠，但万一最后它成功了，几万块钱一个的时候，这个国家的国民又不得不去用它，就得去国外买进来，这个国家就吃亏了。”小撒在自己的博客中写道：“比特币总量的恒定至少不会造成货币贬值。同时比特币每个可以细分到小数点后八位，故也不会存在总量限定而影响流通的情况。”
“If a government tries to block it now, but in the event that it succeeds, tens of thousands of dollars will have to be used by the country’s nationals, the country will have to go abroad to buy it, and the country will lose it.” In his blog, “The constantness of the amount of bitcoins will not, at least, result in currency depreciation. At the same time, the amount of bitcoins can be broken down into eight decimal places, so there will be no volume limits that affect circulation.”
说到这里，小撒说：“一个程序员写出的东西，只几年时间，就已经有了100亿的市值！”
Speaking of which, "A programr wrote something in just a few years, it's worth 10 billion dollars."
小撒口中的“程序员”，叫“中本聪”，比特币的发明者。2009年“中本聪”抛出了比特币最初构建思路的理论文章后，便消失了。没人知道这个看起来像日本人的名字背后是谁。
The "procedur" in the mouth of the mouth, called the "medium bellow," the inventor of Bitcoin. After "medium bellowed" in 2009, when Bitcoin's original theory piece of ideas was thrown out, it disappeared. No one knew who that looked like the name of the Japanese.
对“中本聪”的理论，小撒也承认“没有足够的数学算法基础，我没有能力理解”。可他觉得，都是很牛的人在接受比特币，跟他们应该错不了。
With respect to the theory of “medium bellicose”, Osha also admitted that “I don't have enough mathematical algorithms, and I can't understand it.” But he felt that the very good people were accepting bitcoin, and that they should be right with them.
诞生于网络虚拟世界 比特币是骗局还是机遇
was born in the virtual world of the Internet, is Bitcoin a fraud or an opportunity
在网络上铺天盖地大炒某基金接受比特币捐赠的第二天，本报记者注意到，一条消息被有意无意地忽视了——
On the day after the day when a fund was offered a bitcoin donation on the Internet, the newspaper reporter noticed that a message had been deliberately and unintentionally ignored.
4月22日，财新网报道：壹基金传播部副总监姚遥称，比特币还无法直接进入壹基金账户，壹基金所有的账户和收款方式，只能接受现有的可流通货币。而对于起到中间人作用的比特币捐赠募集人，姚遥称并不清楚。
On 22 April, the Financial Network reported that the Deputy Director General of the Communications Department of the Fund, Yao Yee, had said that Bitcoin had no direct access to a fund’s account, and that all accounts and receipts of the fund were in a way that could only accept the available negotiable currency. The Yao Yee Yee name was unclear to the broker who raised the money.
前天晚上，在浙大科技园里的UU咖啡，杭州比特币玩家们组织了一次聚会。参加者只有寥寥10余人，大部分人都很年轻，从事或喜欢IT业。组织者做了一个多小时的演讲，题目是《谈谈比特币》。争论的焦点依然是：比特币是骗局还是机遇？
The night before yesterday, at the U.U. in the Greater Technology Park, a party was organized by the Hunt State Bitcoin players. There were only about 10 participants, most of whom were young, engaged in or liked the IT industry. The organizers gave a speech for over an hour, entitled "Talk Bitcoin." The debate remained focused on whether Bitcoin was a scam or an opportunity.
简单地说，比特币与Q币、游戏币一样，诞生于互联网虚拟世界。而与后两者最大的不同点是，比特币据说是“封顶”的，总量永远恒定。据发明者声称，比特币是基于一种“开源的P2P软件”产生的数字货币。
In short, Bitcoin was born in the virtual world of the Internet, like Q-coin and game coins. And the biggest difference from the latter is that Bitcoin is said to be a “top” and its total is always constant.
比特币是货币吗？货币的本质就是一般等价物的物品。而比特币的价值建立在两个理论基础上：它会越来越多地被使用、它的总量又是恒定的。所以，用的人多了它就会升值。
Is Bitcoin a currency? The nature of a currency is a generic equivalent. The value of Bitcoin is based on two theories: it is increasingly used, and its aggregates are constant. So, if you use more people, it will appreciate.
这就进入了一个怪圈：热钱进出，比特币“行情”暴涨暴跌，使它无法成为一个相对稳定的价值尺度，无法成为一般等价物，无法被使用。这是比特币的第一个悖论。
This leads to a circle: hot money goes in and out, bitcoin goes up and down, making it impossible for it to be a relatively stable measure of value, to become a general equivalent, to be used. This is the first paradox of bitcoin.
比特币真的无中心吗？不被任何政府发行、不被操控，也是比特币得到推崇的原因之一。但是，在交易中，人们发现还有一个“比特币基金会”的神秘组织，它有极大的权力，甚至可以关停一个已经在运行但有BUG的客户端。
Is it true that Bitcoin has no centre? Not being issued by any government, not being manipulated, is one of the reasons why bitcoin is being admired. But, in the deal, one finds a mysterious organization, the Bitcoin Foundation, with great power, even to shut down a client that is already operating but has a bug.
什么火了都会被山寨，在虚拟世界中，比特币的山寨版可谓五花八门。
In the virtual world, bitcoin's fake version is a lot of stuff.
最出名的是litecoin(简称LTC)，发布于2011年10月7日，是目前市值最高的山寨币，市值约1000万美元。和比特币相比，LTC速度更快。另外LTC的数量总数为8400万枚。目前LTC采用scrypt算法，需要大量内存支持。另外，还有NMC、PPC、NVC、TRC、IXC、FRC、DVC等多种山寨比特币。
The most famous is Litecoin (LTC), which was published on 7 October 2011 and currently has the highest market value of ten million United States dollars. The LTC is faster than Bitcoin. The total number of LTCs is 84 million. The LTC currently uses the Scrypt algorithm, which requires substantial memory support. There are also a number of countries such as NMC, PPC, NVC, TRC, IXC, FRC, DVC, etc.
记者进入交易平台下单 揭开比特币利益链
Reporters entering the trading platform to unplug the Bitcoin interest chain
目前，全球比较大的比特币交易平台是MtGox，只需要完成注册，就可以在这个平台上自由买入卖出比特币。MtGox总部位于东京，由两名法国人运作，处理了全球约80%的比特币-美元交易。
At present, MtGox, the world’s larger bitcoin trading platform, is free to buy and sell bitcoin on the platform only if it is registered. MtGox is based in Tokyo, operated by two Frenchmen, and handles about 80% of the world’s bitcoin-dollar transactions.
目前，中国比较活跃的比特币交易平台有“btcchina.com(比特币中国交易平台)”以及“fxbtc.com”。建立于2011年的“比特币中国交易平台”，是目前中国最大的交易平台。但是，平台上没有ICP备案，记者又以网站名称、域名、首页网址等信息，在工信部的“ICP/IP地址/域名信息备案管理系统”上查询，全部显示“没有符合条件的记录”。按照我国法律，没有备案的网站可依法关停；如果网站服务器在国外，只要网站公司在国内，有关部门也可以对该公司进行管理。
At present, China’s more active Bitcoin trading platform is “btcchina.com” and “fxbtc.com.” The “bitcoin China trading platform” established in 2011 is China’s largest trading platform. However, there is no information on the platform, and journalists have access to information such as website names, domain names, first-page addresses, and search on the Ministry of Trade and Communications’s “ICP/IP address/domain name file management system” shows all “not having qualified records”. In accordance with our laws, websites that are not registered can be shut down in accordance with the law; and, if a website server is abroad, websites can be managed by the authorities as long as the company is in the country.
注册、充值……记者选择了最方便的支付宝充值200元，系统显示记者需要通过支付宝将201元转入“杨林科”的支付宝账户。这个杨林科，就是杭州玩家口中“神龙见首不见尾”、“连微博都注销”了的杨老板，温州人，本行做桑拿设备。
Registered, fully valued Journalists have chosen the most convenient payment of $200, and the system shows that journalists need to transfer $201 to the “Yanlinco” payment account by paying the money. This Yang Linko is the Yang Boss, who wrote off even Wenzhou, who works as a sauna device in Hangzhou's mouth.
10多分钟后，充值完成。按实时牌价，记者下单购入0.1个比特币。过了约一刻钟，交易成功，账户显示有0.0997个比特币，原来0.0003个币已经成为交易手续费。平台规定，交易手续费为双向0.3%。
At a real-time rate, journalists purchase 0.1 bitcoins. After about 15 minutes, the transaction was successful, the account showed 0.0997 bitcoins, and 0.0003 were already transaction fees.
记者又试了下提现，与充值相比，提现不仅手续费高，而且有限制，防止一下子将大量现金取走：财付通提现，手续费为0.5%，单笔最大提现金额2万元；支付宝提现，手续费为1%，单日最大提现金额5000元。输入最小提现金额200元，在付了2元手续费后，系统显示，记者的198元，会在48小时内到账。15个小时后，记者的支付宝收到了198元。
Journalists have tried to draw down the cash, which is not only expensive but also limited in comparison to the charge, preventing large sums of cash from being removed at once: cash to cash, with a fee of 0.5 per cent and a single maximum cash charge of $20,000; cash to cash, with a charge of 1 per cent and a single day maximum cash charge of $5,000. The minimum cash transfer of $200 was entered, and after two fees, the system showed that 198 dollars for journalists would be paid in 48 hours. After 15 hours, journalists received 198 dollars for their treasures.
平台每天的交易额是透明的，按平台一天获得的“双向0.3%”的交易手续费计算：
The Platform's daily transactions are transparent and are calculated on the basis of a “two-way 0.3 per cent” transaction fee received by the Platform on a day-by-day basis:
4月25日，当天成交量为约9400个比特币，成交均价940元一个币。9400 0.3% 2 940=5.2万多元手续费；
On 25 April, about 9,400 bits of money were traded on that day, at an average price of 940 dollars. 94,0% 2,940 = 52,000 multi-purpose fees;
4月26日，交易量约为19000，成交均价841元，手续费约9.6万；
On 26 April, transactions amounted to approximately $19,000, with an average value of $841 and a fee of approximately $96,000;
5月2日，交易量约为19000个，成交均价745元，手续费约8.4万……
On 2 May, there were approximately 19,000 transactions at an average price of $745 and a fee of approximately 84,000...
按此推算，仅交易手续费一项，一个搭建成本十几、数十万元的平台，一年收益上千万。
On this basis, a single transaction fee, a platform with a cost of $10 million or hundreds of thousands of dollars, yields millions of dollars a year.
看到其中商机的，显然不止“杨老板”一人。在一个关于比特币的QQ群里，有人正在讨论建一个平台的可能性。也有其它平台，或已经运行、或在“公测”阶段。
There are obviously more than just "Boss Yang" who see business opportunities. In a Q-Q group of bitcoin, some are discussing the possibility of building a platform. There are other platforms, either already operational or in the "publicity" phase.
而且，交易的人民币与比特币都是在平台老板的个人帐户中，万一平台突然关闭，万一老板带着巨额的现金与比特币突然消失呢？这不是危言耸听。
Moreover, the renminbi and bitcoin traded are in the platform owner’s personal account, if the platform suddenly closes and if the boss suddenly disappears with huge amounts of cash and bitcoin? This is no alarm.
比特币与Q币、游戏币一样，诞生于互联网虚拟世界。一个搭建成本十几、数十万元的平台，仅交易手续费一项，一年收益上千万。
Bitcoin was born in the virtual world of the Internet, like Q-coin, game coins. A platform with a cost of $1 billion, hundreds of thousands of dollars, a transaction fee, millions of dollars a year.
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