比特币(英语:Bitcoin,缩写:BTC 或 XBT)是一种基于去中心化,采用点对点网络与共识主动性,开放源代码,以区块链作为底层技术的加密货币,比特币由中本聪(网名)(Satoshi Nakamoto)于2008年10月31日发表论文,2009年1月3日,创世区块诞生。在某些国家、央行、政府机关、学术界则将比特币视为虚拟商品,而不认为是货币[8]。货币金融学认为货币具有交易介质、记账单位、价值储藏三种基本职能,但由于其高度波动性因此不具有后两种基本职能从而不是货币。[9]
bitcoin (English: Bitcoin, Abbreviation: BTC or XBT) is a decentralised, point-to-point network and consensus initiative, open source code, using block chains as cryptic currency for bottom-level technology. Bitcoin was published on 31 October 2008 by Satoshi Nakamoto (Satoshi Nakamoto), and was born on 3 January 2009. Bitcoin is considered a virtual commodity in some countries, central banks, government agencies, academia, rather than currency [8] /sup>. Monetary finance is of the view that money has three basic functions: a trade medium, a booking unit, a value storage unit, but not the latter two basic functions due to its high volatility. [9] /sup>
任何人皆可参与比特币活动,可以通过称为挖矿的电脑运算来发行。比特币协议数量上限为2100万个,以避免通货膨胀问题。使用比特币是透过私钥作为数字签名,允许个人直接支付给他人,与现金相同,不需经过如银行、清算中心、证券商、电子支付平台等第三方机构,从而避免了高手续费、繁琐流程以及受监管性的问题,任何用户只要拥有可连线互联网的数字设备皆可使用。
The number of bitcoins is capped at 21 million to avoid inflation. Bitcoins are used as digital signatures through private keys, allowing individuals to pay directly to others, as in cash, without having to go through third-party institutions such as banks, clearing centres, securities dealers, electronic payment platforms, thus avoiding high fees, cumbersome processes, and regulatory problems, any user having access to digital devices connected to the Internet.
但是由于比特币区块链在一定时间内能接受的交易量有限,约每10分钟能接受最多2,500笔交易,交易手续费也会随着比特币交易量而波动,在2017年6月,小于1毫比特的交易,交易手续费已远远大于交易金额;在2017年12月,Steam宣布停止接受比特币,理由是“交易费用高昂,且波动性大”,在2018年2月,平均交易手续费从2017年第四季度的34美元,下降至约1美元,而此问题,正在试图以闪电网络之类的技术来解决,扩展比特币一定时间内的交易量。2021年1月8日,比特币交易价格升至41,616美元;2月21日,再创58,238美元,继3月13日,比特币交易价格冲破60,000美元;2021年4月14日盘中,比特币交易价格曾一度升至64,374美元历史天价。
However, owing to the limited volume of transactions that the Bitcoin block chain can accept for a certain period of time, with a maximum of 2,500 transactions per 10 minutes, transaction fees also fluctuated with the volume of Bitcoin transactions, and in June 2017, with transactions smaller than 1 millbits, transaction fees were far greater than the transaction amount; in December 2017, Steam announced the cessation of the acceptance of Bitcoins on the grounds that “transaction costs and volatility were high” and, in February 2018, the average transaction fee fell from $34 in the fourth quarter of 2017 to approximately US$ 1, while in April 2021, the price of the Bitcoins was tried to expand with technology such as a flash network, and the price of the Bitcoin transaction rose to US$ 41,616; on 21 February, a further US$ 58,238, followed by US$ 60,000 on 13 March, and on 14 April 2021, the price of the Bitcoin transaction rose to US$ 64,374 on a historical day.
比特币 | |
---|---|
比特币客户端程序中常见的标识 | |
使用地区 | |
法定货币 | |
流通货币 | 全球 |
发行历史 | |
始发时间 | 2009年1月3日 |
货币单位 | |
?1 | 比特币(Bitcoins,BTC) |
?10?2 | 比特分(Bitcent,cBTC) |
?10?3 | 毫比特(Milli-Bitcoins,mBTC)[3] |
?10?6 | 微比(Micro-Bitcoins,μBTC) |
?10?8 | 聪(Satoshi |
货币符号 | BTC、? |
货币估值 | |
货币供给 | 有限发行(按照收敛等比数列,发行速度每4年减半,直到2140年,总量接近2100万) |
- 数据来源: | Number of bitcoins in circulation |
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